ĨɁȻȿɄɂɋɌɈɇȺȽɊȺɊ ɎȺɇɂɏȺȻȺɊɇɈɆȺɋɂʋ 1-2 (43-44) 2011 81 defecation //The external anal sphincter: a triple-loop system / Invest. Urol., 1975, 2, -Ɋ. 412-419. 23. Ȼɚɪɦɢɧ ȼɘ., ɋɬɭɞɧɢɰɤɢɣ ȼȻ., Ɇɟɞɜɟɞɟɜ ɆȺ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɫɨɤɪɚɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɝɥɚɞɤɨɦɵɲɟɱɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɮɢɧɤɬɟɪɚ // ɋɮɢɧɤɬɟɪɵ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶ- ɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ. – Ɍɨɦɫɤ: ɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɢɣ ɦɟɞ. ɭɧɬ, 1994. - ɋ. 193-201. Ⱥɋ. ɂɅɖəɋɈȼ Ʉɚɥɚɦɭɲɧɢɧɝɬʆԑɪɢɢɱɚɝɢɞɚɝɢɢɱɤɢɜɚ ɬɚɲԕɢɫɮɢɧɤɬɟɪɥɚɪɢɬɭɡɢɥɢɲɢɜɚɲɚɤɥɥɚɧɢɲɢ Ɍɚɞԕɢԕɨɬ ɧɚɬɢɠɚɥɚɪɢ ɲɭɧɢ ɤʆɪɫɚɬɞɢɤɢ , ɢɱɤɢ ɫɮɢɧɤɬɟɪɞɚɝɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɜɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɥɚɪɧɢɧɝ ɲɚɤɥɥɚɧɢɲɢ ԟɚɪ ɯɢɥ ɛʆɥɚɞɢ . ɗɦɢɡɢɤɥɢ ɞɚɜɪɞɚ ɲɢɥɥɢԕ ԕɚɜɚɬɢ ɜɚ ɲɢɥɥɢԕ ɨɫɬɢ ɩɚɪɞɚɫɢɧɢɧɝ ʆɫɢɲ ɬɟɡɥɢɝɢɝɚ ɧɢɫɛɚɬɚɧ ɦɭɲɚɤ ԕɚɜɚɬɢɧɢɧɝ ʆɫɢɲɢ ɠɚɞɚɥ ɪɚɜɢɲɞɚ ɛɨɪɚɞɢ . Ɋɢɜɨɠɥɚɧɢɲɧɢɧɝ ɤɟɣɢɧɝɢ ɛɨɫԕɢɱɢɞɚ ԟɚɦ ɢɱɤɢ ɫɮɢɧɤɬɟɪɥɚɪɧɢɧɝ ɦɭɲɚɤ ԕɚɜɚɬɢɧɢɧɝ ʆɫɢɲ ɬɟɡɥɢɝɢ ɨɲɚɞɢ ɜɚ 6 ɨɣɥɢɤ ɞɚɜɪɞɚ ɭɧɢɧɝ ɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥԕɢɫɦɢɞɚɝɢʆɫɢɲɬɟɡɥɢɝɢɧɢɫɛɚɬɚɧɸԕɨɪɢɛʆɥɚɞɢ. Ɍɚɪɚԕԕɢɺɬɠɚɪɚɺɧɢɞɚɬɚɲԕɢɫɮɢɧɤɬɟɪɦɭɲɚɤ ԕɚɜɚɬɢɧɢɧɝ ɲɚɤɥɥɚɧɢɲɢ ԟɚɦ ɬɭɪɥɢɱɚ ɤɟɱɚɞɢ . Ʌɚɤɬɚɰɢɹ ɞɚɜɪɢɞɚ ɬɚɲԕɢ ɫɮɢɧɤɬɟɪ ɦɭɲɚɤ ԕɚɜɚɬɢɧɢɧɝ ɲɚɤɥɥɚɧɢɲɢ ɭɧɢɧɝ ɞɢɫɬɚɥ ԕɢɫɦɢɞɚ ɫɟɡɢɥɚɪɥɢɪɨԕ ɛʆɥɚɞɢ. 12 ɨɣɥɢɤ ɞɚɜɪɢɞɚ ɷɫɚ ɬɚɲԕɢ ɫɮɢɧɤɬɟɪɧɢɧɝ ɦɭɲɚɤ ԕɚɜɚɬɢ ɭɧɢɧɝɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥ ԕɢɫɦɢɞɚ ԕɚɥɢɧɪɨԕ ɛʆɥɚɞɢ. ɋɮɢɧɤɬɟɪɥɚɪ ɨɪɚɥɢԑɢ ɫɨԟɚɞɚ ɬɚɲ=ɢ ɛʆɣɥɚɦɚ ɦɭɲɚɤԕɚɬɥɚɦɢɜɚɨɪԕɚɬɟɲɢɤɧɢɤʆɬɚɪɭɜɱɢɦɭɲɚɝɢɛɢɪɢɤɬɢɪɭɜɱɢɬʆɤɢɦɚɬɨɥɚɥɚɪɢɛɢɥɚɧɛɢɪɝɚԕʆɲɢɥɢɛ , ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɬɭɡɢɥɦɚɧɢԟɨɫɢɥԕɢɥɚɞɢ. A.S.ILYASOV Development and structure of inner and outer sphincteres of the rectum in rats The investigations showed that formation of structural components in the inner sphinc ter occurs in the same way. Beginning from the period of breast feeding muscular membrane in its proximal part spr eads more in the distal direction by the 6 month. In the process of development the muscular membrane of the outer sphincter is formed in various ways. In the lactation period the increase of thickness of outer sphincter muscular membrane is more marked in the distal part and by the 12 month the muscular membrane is thicker in the proximal part . Longitudinal muscular layer and the muscle levator ani together with fiber structures of the connective tissue was allocating between the inner and outer sphincters of the rectum, interlacing with them, from interconnected structural formations. _______________ ɍȾɄ 631.3 ɌɇɌɍɊɋɍɇɈȼ, ɇɆɂɄɊȺɆɈȼ ɎȺɄɌɈɊɕ, ȼɅɂəɘɓɂȿɇȺɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂɈɇɇɈ - ɗɇȿɊȽȿɌɂɑȿɋɄɂɃ ɊȿɀɂɆɊȺȻɈɌɕɇȺɋɈɋɇɕɏɋɌȺɇɐɂɃ ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ , ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ. ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɜ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɟ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ : ɧɚɫɨɫɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ , ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɣ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ , ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦɪɚɛɨɬɵɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ, ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ, ɧɚɩɨɪ --- PAGE BREAK --- ĨɁȻȿɄɂɋɌɈɇȺȽɊȺɊ ɎȺɇɂɏȺȻȺɊɇɈɆȺɋɂʋ 1-2 (43-44) 2011 82 ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ , ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ , ɝɢɞɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɹɳɢɯɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɉɨɞ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɪɟɠɢ - ɦɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ , ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ( ɧɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɜ, ɧɚ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨ - ɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ, ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢ - ɡɚɰɢɸ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ), ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ , ɛɭɞɟɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɚɢ - ɦɟɧɶɲɢɦ. ɇɚ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ - ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɬɢɩ ɧɚɫɨɫɚ ɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ , ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɮɚɫɨɧɧɵɟɱɚɫɬɢ) ɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɝɨɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ, ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɞɪ .) ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɝɢɞɪɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ , ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɭɫɨɪɚ , ɞɨɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɡɜɟɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɧɨɫɨɜ , ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɭɡɥɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ , ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɨɬɜɨɞɹɳɢɯɤɚɧɚɥɨɜɢɞɪ.) ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ. Ɍɚɤ, ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɦɢ ɚɝɪɟɝɚ - ɬɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɨɛɳɢɣ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟ - ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɜ ɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ). ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ( ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ) ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟɦ: ɇɋɇ = ɋɌɇ ɄQ2 (1) ɝɞɟ ɇɋɇ - ɧɚɩɨɪ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ , Ʉ - ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ; ɋɌɇ - ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɩɨɪ , ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɝɟɨɞɟɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɦɟɬɨɤ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɦ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɟɢɚɜɚɧɤɚɦɟɪɟ (ɩɪɢɟɦɧɨɣɤɚɦɟɪɟ) ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ, Q - ɩɨɞɚɱɚɧɚɫɨɫɨɜ. ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ (1), ɧɚɩɨɪɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣɫɬɚɧɰɢɢɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɨɪɚ ɢ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ, ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɦɵɯɢɡɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɞɥɢɧɟɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɩɨɪ ɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ, ɚ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ - ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɮɚɫɨɧɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ , ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɩɨɪɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ , ɚ ɧɚɩɨɪ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ (ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ) ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ. ɉɭɬɟɦ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɜ, ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɨɛɳɢɣ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɪɭɛɨ - ɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɧɚɦɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ , ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵɜɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 1. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ 1 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ « ɏɚɦɡɚ - I», « ɇɚɦɚɧɝɚɧ» ɫ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ 0,72 - 6,53% ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ , ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ, ɚɧɚɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ «ɏɚɦɡɚ - 2», « Ⱥɦɭ - Ɂɚɧɝ - 2», ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ, ɷɬɨɬɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ, ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 0,321 - 1,67%. ɇɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ « ɏɚɦɡɚ - 1», ©ɇɚɦɚɧɝɚɧ» ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ, ɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɫɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɜɨɞɵ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɧɚɩɨɪɚ , ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ , ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɣɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ. ɇɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ «ɏɚɦɡɚ - 2», « Ⱥɦɭ - Ɂɚɧɝ - 2», « Ȼɚɛɚɬɚɝ» ɬɚɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢ - ɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɭɡɥɵ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ , ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɟ ɢɡ ɬɪɨɣɧɢɤɚ. ɉɨɬɨɦɭ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɯɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ©Ȼɚɛɚɬɚɝ», ɫ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ , ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ. Ⱥɧɚɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ «Ȼɚɛɚɬɚɝ» ɩɪɢ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ 3 ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ 0,15%, ɱɬɨ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɢɦ - ɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɭɡɥɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ (ɬɪɨɣɧɢɤɟ), ɝɞɟ ɞɥɢɧɵɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜɪɚɡɧɵɟ, ɬɚɤɤɚɤɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɟɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɵɜ ɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɜ ɲɚɯɦɚɬɧɨɦɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ, ɱɬɨɢɡɡɚɧɟɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚɧɚɩɨɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɭɡɥɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɚɜɬɨɤɨ - ɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ ɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɭɸɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ. Ɉɬɫɸɞɚ, ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɫ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɦ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɭɡɥɵ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ( ɬɪɨɣɧɢɤɢ), ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ 0,32 - 1,67%. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ, ɷɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɸ ɚɜɬɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹɜɨɞɵɜɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ [2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ ɞɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ ɩɪɢ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɭɞɚɪɟ , ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɭ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ , ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ --- PAGE BREAK --- ĨɁȻȿɄɂɋɌɈɇȺȽɊȺɊ ɎȺɇɂɏȺȻȺɊɇɈɆȺɋɂʋ 1-2 (43-44) 2011 83 ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ, ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨ- ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɧɚɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ. Ɍɚɤ, ɡɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ 3 ɝɨɞɚ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɛɨ - ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ «Ȼɚɛɚɬɚɝ» ɞɜɚɠɞɵɬɟɪɩɟɥ ɚɜɚɪɢɢ, ɬɨɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɟɥ ɪɚɡɪɵɜ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ, ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ (21.05.2008 ɝ.) ɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɧɤɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɩɨɪɚɦɢ ʋ1, ɡɚɬɟɦ (1.06.2010ɝ.) ɦɟɠɞɭɚɧɤɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɨɩɨɪɚɦɢ ʋ2 ɢ ʋ 3, ɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɥ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ, ɝɞɟ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɢɡɡɚ ɢɡɧɨɫɚ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɢ, ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɣɢɡɧɨɫ) ɛɵɥɚɧɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ. Ⱦɥɹɥɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɢɚɜɬɨɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɟɟ ɨɬɪɢ - ɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ , ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɭɡɥɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɩɚɪɧɨɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ. ȼ ɦɚɟ 2009 ɝɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ʋ 2 I ɩɨɞɴɟɦɚ Ʉɚɞɪɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɞɨɡɚɛɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɵɣ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɣ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɜɨɬɥɢɱɢɟɨɬɞɪɭɝɢɯɪɚɛɨɬɚɥɫɡɚɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɨɪɨɦ ɧɚ 3 ɦ., ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɡɚɬɜɨɪ ɧɚ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɦ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟɧɟɛɵɥɨɬɤɪɵɬɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɮɚɤɬɵ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ , ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ. Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɚɤ - ɬɨɪɵ, ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟɧɚɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɧɚɩɨɪɚ , ɢ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦɧɚ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ. Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ , ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɩɨɪ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ, ɨɬ ɝɢɞɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɨɬɜɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɹɳɟɦ ɤɚɧɚɥɟ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɭɫɨɪɚ , ɜɡɜɟɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɞɨɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɜ . ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɣɜɨɞɵɛɭɞɟɬɦɟɧɶɲɟ, ɬɨɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɚɜɚɧɤɚɦɟɪɟ ( ɩɪɢɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ) ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɢɠɟ ɱɟɦ ɇɉɍ, ɱɬɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɩɨɪ, ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɸɳɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ. ȿɫɥɢ ɨɬɜɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ ɡɚɢɥɟɧ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɪɨɫ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɡɡɚ ɩɨɞɩɨɪɚ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɦ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬɫɹ , ɱɬɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɩɨɪ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɸɳɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ. ɇɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɭɫɨɪɚ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ ɡɚɫɨɪɹɟɬ ɫɨɪɨɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ , ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞɭɪɨɜɧɟɣɢɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɧɚɩɨɪ , ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɫɨɪɨɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɬɨɤ , ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚ - ɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ. ɂɡɡɚ ɫɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɭɫɨɪɚ ɭ ɫɨɪɨɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ , ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɬɨɪɵɦ ɨɬɫɬɨɣɧɢɤɨɦ ɢ ɚɜɚɧɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɧɚ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣɫɬɚɧɰɢɢʋ 2, ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɜ ɦɚɟ 2009 ɝɨɞɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥ 0,5 - 0,6 ɦ., ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɥɚ ɫ ɡɚɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɧɚɩɨɪɨɦ . Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɫɬɪɟɬɢɬɶ ɢ ɧɚ ɨɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ, ɝɞɟ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɭɫɨɪɚ ɩɨɤɚ ɟɳɺ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ. Ɍɚɤ, ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɦɭɫɨɪ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ ɢɡ ɫɬɟɛɥɟɣ ɢɦɟɥɤɢɯɤɨɪɧɟɜɢɳɤɚɦɵɲɚɞɨ 50 ɦɦɢɞɥɢɧɧɨɣɞɨ 1,5 ɦ, ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ©ɏɚɦɡɚ - 1» ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥ 2 - 3 ɦ3ɫɭɬɤɢ. ȼɢɸɧɟ - ɢɸɥɟ ɷ ɬ ɨ ɬ ɩ ɨ ɤ ɚ ɡ ɚ ɬ ɟ ɥ ɶ ɭ ɜ ɟ ɥ ɢ ɱ ɢ ɥ ɫ ɹ ɞ ɨ 1 0 - 2 0 ɦ3ɫɭɬɤɢ, ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɭɫɨɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨ - ɨɱɢɫɬɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɭɞɚɟɬɫɹ , ɢ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɧɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ. ɋɱɢɬɚɟɦ, ɱɬɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟɢɱɟɬɤɨɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ - ɷɬɨ ɡɚɥɨɝ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ - ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ, ɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ. Ⱦɨɧɧɵɟɢɜɡɜɟɲɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɫɨɫɵ ɡɚɢɥɹɹɫɶ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɸɬ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɟ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɢ ɨɬɜɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ, ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɜɨɞɵ, ɱɬɨ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɧɚɧɢɯ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ , ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚ - ɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ - ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɜɵɲɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ , ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚ . ɉɨɬɨɦɭ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ, ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ - ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɢɦɢ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ , ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɣ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ. --- PAGE BREAK --- ĨɁȻȿɄɂɋɌɈɇȺȽɊȺɊ ɎȺɇɂɏȺȻȺɊɇɈɆȺɋɂʋ 1-2 (43-44) 2011 84 Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1 Ɋɟɠɢɦɪɚɛɨɬɵɤɪɭɩɧɵɯɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɰɢɣɫɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɦɢɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɦɢɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚɦɢɜɨɛɳɢɣɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɣɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɉɪɢɪɚɛɨɬɟ 1 ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɝɨɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɉɪɢɪɚɛɨɬɟ 2 ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɉɪɢɪɚɛɨɬɟ 3 ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɉɪɢɪɚɛɨɬɟ 4 ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɉɪɢɪɚɛɨɬɟ 5 ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɉɨɞɚɱɚ Q, ɦ3/ɫ ɇɚɩɨɪ ɇ, ɦ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤȼɬ ɉɨɞɚɱɚ Q, ɦ3/ɫ ɇɚɩɨɪ ɇ, ɦ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤȼɬ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɫɹ ɧɚ 1 ɇȺ. Ɋɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɬ ɨɞɢɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɇȺ ɜ % ɉɨɞɚɱɚ Q, ɦ3/ɫ ɇɚɩɨɪ ɇ, ɦ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤȼɬ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɫɹ ɧɚ 1 ɇȺ. Ɋɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɬ ɨɞɢɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɇȺ ɜ % ɉɨɞɚɱɚ Q, ɦ3/ɫ ɇɚɩɨɪ ɇ, ɦ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤȼɬ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɫɹ ɧɚ 1 ɇȺ. Ɋɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɨɞɢɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɇȺ ɜ % ɉɨɞɚɱɚ Q, ɦ3/ɫ ɇɚɩɨɪ ɇ, ɦ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤȼɬ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɫɹ ɧɚ 1 ɇȺ. Ɋɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɬ ɨɞɢɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɇȺ ɜ % ɏɚɦɡɚ - 1 9,0 45 5155 17,0 48 10385 5192,5 +0,7% 24,6 51 15968 5322,7 +3,25 31,2 54,0 21443 5360,75 +3,99 - - - - - ɏɚɦɡɚ - 2 17,5 49 10914 34,0 50 21636 10818 -0,88% 49,5 51,5 32445 10815 -0,91 63,5 53,5 43238 10809,5 -0,97 76,5 55 53550 10710 - 1,9 Ȼɚɛɚɬɚɝ 4,9 71,5 4459 9,7 72 8889 4444,5 -0,32% 14 75 13364 4459,7 +0,15 17,9 77 17542 4385,5 -1,67 - - - - - Ⱥɦɭ - Ɂɚɧɝ - 2 17,4 49 10851 33,0 51,5 21630 10815 -0,32% - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ɇɚɦɚɧɝɚɧ 7,0 78 6946 13,8 80 14051 7025,5 +1,10% 20,2 81 20824 6941,3 -0,11 25 82 26091 6522,75 +6,53 - - - - - ĨɁȻȿɄɂɋɌɈɇ ȺȽɊȺɊ ɎȺɇɂ ɏȺȻȺɊɇɈɆȺɋɂ ʋ 1-2 (43-44) 2011 84 --- PAGE BREAK --- ĨɁȻȿɄɂɋɌɈɇȺȽɊȺɊ ɎȺɇɂɏȺȻȺɊɇɈɆȺɋɂʋ 1-2 (43-44) 2011 85 ɌɂɂɆ ɉɨɫɬɭɩɢɥɚ 11 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2010 ɝɨɞɚ Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. Ʌɟɡɧɨɜ Ȼɋ . ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɜ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɯ. - Ɇ: ɗɧɟɪɝɨɚɬɨɦɢɡɞɚɬ, 1991,- ɫ. 144. 2. Ȼɚɤɢɟɜ ɆɊ. Ɍɭɪɫɭɧɨɜ Ɍɇ. ɂɤɪɚɦɨɜɇɆ. Ɉ ɧɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɹɬɧɵɯ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɯ , ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ . Ɋɚɤɭɪɫɵ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ. ɋɛ. ɧɚɭɱɧ. ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱ. ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ɋɉɛ, ɋɉɛȽɉɍ, 2006, - ɫ. 40-44. 3. Ȼɚɤɢɟ Ɇ., Ʉɚɜɟɲɧɢɤɨɜ ɇ., Ɍɭɪɫɭɧɨɜ Ɍ. Ƚɢɞ- ɪɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ ɢɧɲɨɨɬɥɚɪɢɞɚɧ ɮɨɣɞɚɥɚɧɢɲ. Ⱦɚɪɫɥɢɤ. Ɍɨɲɤɟɧɬ, ɌɂɆɂ, 2008, - ɛ. 453. 4. ɏɨɯɥɨɜ Ⱥȼ ., ɏɨɯɥɨɜ ȼȺ . ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɧɚ ɧɚ - ɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ . ɀ. Ƚɢɞɪɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢ - ɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ʋ9, 2002, - ɫ.28-30. 5. Ɍɭɪɫɭɧɨɜ Ɍɇ., Ȼɟɪɞɢɺɪɨɜ ȬɊ. Ʉ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɟ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ . ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɢ, Ɍ. ɂɡɞ. Ɏɚɧ Ⱥɇ Ɋɍɡ, 2005, ʋ2, - ɫ. 56-59. 6. Ɍɭɪɫɭɧɨɜ Ɍɇ .,.ɂɤɪɚɦɨɜ ɇɆ ., Ȼɟɪɞɢɺɪɨɜ ȬɊ,.Ɇɭɪɨɞɨɜ Ȼ . ɇɚɫɨɫ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɥɚɪɢ ɛɨɫɢɦɥɢ ԕɭɜɭɪɥɚɪɧɢ ɦɚɯɚɥɥɢɣ ԕɚɪɲɢɥɢɤɥɚɪɞɚɧ ɛɢɪɢ - ɬɟɫɤɚɪɢ ɢɤɤɢɥɢɤɧɢɧɝ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɤ ɯɭɫɭɫɢɹɬɥɚɪɢ ɯɚԕɢɞɚ. ɌɂɆɂ ȸɡɛɟɤɢɫɬɨɧ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɫɢ ɦɭɫɬɚԕɢɥɥɢɝɢɧɢɧɝ 15 ɣɢɥɥɢɝɢɝɚɛɚԑɢɲɥɚɧɝɚɧ “ɋɭɜ ɜɚ ԕɢɲɥɨԕ ɯʆɠɚɥɢɝɢɧɢɧɝ ɡɚɦɨɧɚɜɢɣ ɦɭɚɦɦɨɥɚɪɢ” ɦɚɜɡɭɫɢɞɚɝɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɤ ɜɚ ԕɢɲɥɨԕ ɯʆɠɚɥɢɤ ɨɥɢɣ ɜɚ ʆԕɭɜ ɸɪɬɥɚɪɢ ɚɪɨ ɢԕɬɢɞɨɪɥɢ ɬɚɥɚɛɚɥɚɪ , ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɥɚɪ ɜɚ ɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬɥɚɪɧɢɧɝ ɢɥɦɢɣɚɦɚɥɢɣ ɚɧɠɭɦɚɧɢɧɢɧɝɦɚԕɨɥɚɥɚɪɬʆɩɥɚɦɢ, II ԕɢɫɦ, Ɍ. 2006, - ɛ.294-297 7. ɂɤɪɚɦɨɜ ɇɆ. Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ, ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɚ- ɛɨɬɭ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɡɥɨɜ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨ - ɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɦɢ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚɦɢ . ɌɂɂɆ, ɇɚɭɱɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹ, Ɍ.2007, - ɫ. 158- 162. 8. Ɍɭɪɫɭɧɨɜ Ɍɇ., ɂɤɪɚɦɨɜ ɇɆ. ɇɚɫɨɫ ɚɝɪɟ- ɝɚɬɥɚɪɢ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥ ɢɲɥɚɣɞɢɝɚɧ ɧɚɫɨɫ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɥɚɪɢ ɛɨɫɢɦɥɢ ԕɭɜɭɪɥɚɪɞɚɝɢ ɬɟɫɤɚɪɢ ɢɤɤɢɥɢɤɧɢɧɝ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɤ ɯɭɫɭɫɢɹɬɥɚɪɢ ԟɚԕɢɞɚ. Ɍɨɲɤɟɧɬ, ɌɂɆɂ, Ɋɟɫɩ. ɢɥɦɢɣ - ɚɦɚɥɢɣɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɰɢɹ, 2007, 425-426 ɛ. 9. Ɍɭɪɫɭɧɨɜ Ɍɇ.,.ɂɤɪɚɦɨɜ ɇɆ. Ƀɢɪɢɤ ɧɚɫɨɫ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɥɚɪɢ ɢɲɢɞɚɝɢ ɤɚɦɱɢɥɢɤɥɚɪɧɢɧɝ ɬɚԟɥɢɥɢ . ɌɂɆɂ, Ɋɟɫɩ. ɢɥɦɢɣɚɦɚɥɢɣɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹ, Ɍ.2007, 426-430 ɛ. 10. Ɍɭɪɫɭɧɨɜ Ɍɇ., ɂɤɪɚɦɨɜ ɇɆ. ɢ ɞɪ. Ɉɬɱɟɬ ɇɂɊ ( ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɣ) ɩɨ ɯɨɡɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɟ 18/2010 - Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ – ɷɧɟɪɝɟ- ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɪɟɠɢɦɨɜɤɪɭɩɧɵɯɧɚɫɨɫɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ . - Ɍ: ɌɂɂɆ, ɪɟɝ. ʋ 3.7. ɌɇɌɍɊɋɍɇɈȼ, ɇɆɂɄɊȺɆɈȼ ɇɚɫɨɫɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɥɚɪɢɧɢɧɝɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɤɢɲɪɟɠɢɦɢɝɚɬɚɴɫɢɪ =ɢɥɭɜɱɢɨɦɢɥɥɚɪ Ɇɚԕɨɥɚɞɚ ɧɚɫɨɫ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɥɚɪɢɧɢɧɝɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɤ ɢɲ ɪɟɠɢɦɢɝɚ ɬɚɴɫɢɪ ԕɢɥɭɜɱɢ ɨɦɢɥɥɚɪɢ ɤʆɪɢɛɱɢԕɢɥɝɚɧ, ɢɲɪɟɠɢɦɢɝɚɬɚɴɫɢɪԕɢɥɭɜɱɢɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɜɚɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹɨɦɢɥɥɚɪɢɨɱɢɛɛɟɪɢɥɝɚɧ , ɛɭ ɧɚɫɨɫɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɥɚɪɢɢɲɪɟɠɢɦɢɧɢɜɚɢɫɬɟɴɦɨɥԕɢɥɚɞɢɝɚɧԕɭɜɜɚɬɧɢɬʆԑɪɢɛɚԟɨɥɚɲɝɚɢɦɤɨɧɛɟɪɚɞɢ , ɦɚԕɨɥɚ ɢɥɦɢɣɜɚɚɦɚɥɢɣɚԟɚɦɢɹɬɝɚɷɝɚ. T.N. TURSUNOV, I. M. IKRAMOV Factors influencing operating -power regime of pumping stations The article considers factors affecting the operating-power regime of pumping stations, constructive and operational factors-influencing their mode, which allows properly evaluate the operatio n of pumping stations and power consumption. Data given in the article has scientific and practical interest. _____________ ɍȾɄ 581.58:582(575.15) ɆȺ. ɏɈɅɆɍɊȺɌɈȼ, ɘɋȼȺɏɂȾɈȼ ȺɇɌɊɈɉɈȽȿɇɇȺəɌɊȺɇɋɎɈɊɆȺɐɂə ɊȺɋɌɂɌȿɅɖɇɈȽɈɉɈɄɊɈȼȺȻȺɋɋȿɃɇȺɊȿɄɂɆȺɑȺɃȾȺɊɖə ɋɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɢɧɜɟɧɬɚɪɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɚɹ « Ʉɚɪɬɚ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɚ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɚ ɪɟɤɢ Ɇɚɱɚɣɞɚɪɶɹ» ɫɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɨɜɵɯɞɚɧɧɵɯ.