ɩɨɪɨɝɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɬɶɫɹ  ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɩɨɪɨɝɚ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ Px” 0,25. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ 
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɪɨɝɢ ɫ Pɤ • 0,25· Hɨ,max. 
Ɂɧɚɹ ɞɥɢɧɭ ɞɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɧɨɫɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɪɨɝɚ lɩ, ɜɵɫɨɬɭ ɩɪɟɝɪɚɞɵ ɜ 
ɟɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ( Pɫɪ ɢ Pɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ), ɜɵɫɨɬɭ ɩɨɪɨɝɚ ɜ ɟɝɨ 
ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Pɧ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ 
Pɧ = 2· Pɫɪ - Pɤ.                                                (7) 
ɍɤɥɨɧ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɝɪɚɧɢ ɩɨɪɨɝɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ  
iɩ = (Pɧ - Pɤ)/lɩ.                                          (8) 
Ʉɨɧɰɟɜɨɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɤɨɫɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɧɧɵɯ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɝɨɜ 
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɥɭɱɟ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɞ ɭɝɥɨɦ Ȗ = 30º ɤ ɜɟɪɯɨɜɨɦɭ 
ɪɟɛɪɭ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɚ. ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɩɨɪɨɝɚ ( ɟɝɨ ɤɨɪɟɧɶ) ɫɨɩɪɹɝɚɟɬɫɹ 
ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫ ɛɟɪɟɝɨɦ, ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɛɨɪ ɜɨɞɵ.  
ȼ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɧɨɫɨɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɨɝ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ 
ɭɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɬɶ ɦɨɧɨɥɢɬɧɵɦ ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɧɵɦ ɫ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ 
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦɢ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɜɵɲɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ 
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɦɢ.  
ɉɪɢ ɪɟɡɤɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɪɟɤɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ 
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɜɨɞɨɡɚɛɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɥɢɜɨɦ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɲɚɧɞɨɪɵ, ɱɬɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ 
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɡɚɜɥɟɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɨɬɜɨɞ ɪɭɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɧɨɫɨɜ. 
Ɉɛɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ 
ɤɨɫɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɧɧɵɯ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɛɟɫɩɥɨɬɢɧɧɵɯ 
ɜɨɞɨɡɚɛɨɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɪɟɤɚɯ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ 
ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ 1. 
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