'orxnoueHae cryrrarisrrx Bg'tHrrHH or Hx HopMbr AeJrHTcs ua 2 rpynnu:H e 3 aBla c H M y^g lo,l1 BoAHocrH npeAbrAyrqero orpe3Ka H nponoprruo- HaJIbHyro !.t*rCrf,1-1'21 v s aB H c rr M yro (or BoAHocrH npeAbrAyrqeroorpg3.Ka r(kt- l), nponopUHo^Ha/IbHylo HopMHpoBaHHoMy orKJroHeHr{ro 14xoeQ$r'rqueHry KoppeJrflrrura). oror cnbco6 r^pyab.*o K, \lrfl. perxeHufl peKo-MeHAyercf npHMeHgrb SJIeKTpOHHO-BbIIIHCJIHTeJrbHbte rtramlluu. E ns', Aau-Horo cnoco6a f. f. csaHr.rAse rrpHBoAHr rrporpaMMy MoAeJrHpoBaHr.r n. lnnMecsrIHbIX HHTepBaJIoB BpeMeHr{ ypaBHeHr4e sanuitrBaror s o6qeN,r Br.rAe: s cccP AJI' sHepreraqecKsx qe.lerl Ha paBHr4HHbrx peKax ocyqecrBJrsrcTc€3 c ilHo- foAHrrHoe p ef yJrHpoBaHHe. flpu cesoHHo-roAHI{I{oM peryJl'poBaHr.rfi croKa Harrafibtroe H KoHerIHoeHAtrOJII{CHUfl NPKIHHMAI.OT OAHHAKOBbIMH, PABHbIMI4 O6ICUY NPU HIIV: ;;;MeprBoMy o6tenay. Euxocrl BoAoxpaHHJrHuI ce3oHHo-ro4nuuoro peryJrp-poBaHl'lr orpaHl4qeua o6tevoM HeAocraloqero r4JrH He6nrroqHord croxa gJtaMrTupyrorr{He repuoAbr (cesonu) roAa. llpa pac.rere ce3oHHo_roAr{qHoroperyJII'IpoBaHHr Mox(Ho se co6nrcAarb xpoito.ttoru.recKyro nocJreAoBareJrb-Hocrb ner' flpz H3o,rIHpoBaHHo pa6orarorileM BoAoxpaHuJrr4rrre, o6cnyxra-BaIoilIeM oAHoro urtr4 HecKoJIbKr4x norpe6urener?, pacqer yrrpoxlaercs.Bce BeJrHqHHbr, @ulyRur pyrcrq'e np' peryJr,po BaHHkr, roApa3AeJrfirorcflHa rpH l{areropHa. VcnosHfl peryJlupoBaH:afl orpax{arcT pacrrerurrri cror,norpe6uocrb B BoAe, HopMbr [orepb BoAbr H3 BoAoxpaHuJrr.rul a u HasarrbHoe HATIOJIHCHHC. Bapuaurauu npn peryJr,poBaHt4H cJryl*ar rrJroulaAb oporxeHr.rr, p's-Mepbr Bo,qoxpaHr{Jrr.{ura rr ilpaBHJra pefyar{poBaHrrfl n re.lerrue foAa. ('t;- 3yJIbTaTaM pefyJHpoBaHrfl OTHOCflTCS nofl yqaeMbre BoAooTAar{H, HanoJIHe_Hr4rr_ poA9xpaHaJrr4rrla H xorocroro c6poca. Heo6xoA'Mocrb ce3o t t Ho- roAH tluo ro p eryr,*r poBa rr, rr crol{a Bbrtlc Hterc flra6n u q Ho- urzQp o nu MH uJtkr rp aQuuecK HMH 6 i,rr a ucoebrMu p acqeraMq iro np ,u-HflTbrM oTp$KaM BpeMeHu 3a roA. Bu6op pacr{erHbrx orp$KoB BpeMeHH 3aBr.rcHr or pacnpeAe.nesus croKaH xapaKrepa BoAonorpe6.neH4fl LtJrH BoAonoJrbsoua""i. niy p.sxoM KoJre-6aunu croKa z noAonorpe6.neHrru sa roA orp$Ku BpeMeHr4 npr4HuMaror ornflTI{AHeBKH Ao Mecaua. llpra 6o,rreer4[tkr rtreHee paBHoMepHoM pe]KHMe croKavx yKpyrHrrroT Ao ce3orra. lleprao4 HaKorJIeHua (axxyMyJrfluur4 no4lr) npuyporrr4Baror K ce3oHaMnoBbrrueHHofo croKa vilvt rroHHlKeHHOfO BoAOnorpedneHHfl, a nepHoA Cpa_6oroN (onopoxueurer) - K rrr4M'rnpyrcqeMy rrep,oAy, c$oHy.VxpynueHue pacqerHblx oTpesKoB BpeMeHr4 crr[x{aer o6reu Bbrrr'cflH-TeJrbHbrx pa60r, He rro3BoJrfler Aera,rrino yqecrb BHyrpHc$oHHyro r43_MeHrII4Bocrb croKa u norpe6JleHHfl' qro Mox{er npuBecrra x npeyrueHbrrleHgloeMKOCTII BOAOXpaHLTJTHIt\a u npey_BeJr[qeHHro ne,uuqaHu Hopnaanruofi roAo-nor? rapaHTr.rpoBaHsofi orAaqu. -o6uqHo pacqer ce30HHO-rOAH'-rHOiO pei.y._JiiipuijaHHrr fipoBoAr-I-f no AeKaAaM VJ|H MecfluaM. flp a cesoH Ho- roAH I{ HoM p eryJl H po BaHkrH cro r{a n p HMeH fl nr 6an aucoBbreMeroAL'I pacqera rlo TI4IIOBbIM BHyrptrfoAoBbrM pacnpeAeJreHrrflM v\ilH KAtrreH-AaprrbrM prrAaM HenocpeAcrBeHHbrx fHApor\,{erpl.ruecxux sa6.nroAeunfi c uxc'rarHcrHqecxorl o6pa60rxofi unvr pacqerbr no orAeJrbHbrM foAanr sa4auuofro6ecneqeHHocru. llpu no,nHoM ce3oHHo-roA,rrHoM peryJrr4poBaH,H croK pacqerHoro roAasaAaHHoIl o6ecneqeHHocrn r{eJrr{KoM HAer Ha norpeO,rrennJ, "or"p" BoAbru3 BOAOXpaHVrrHrf\a, npHr{eM xoJrocrbre c6pocu He [poBoAflTcq COBCeM.B orAe"nlHble MHoroBoAHbIe roAbl c BoAHocrbro, lpeBbrrrrarouleft rrJraHo- 9yto- orAaqY H norepH, npoBoAflT xoJrocrbre c6pbctr BoAbr B sl.lxHr1fi6se$. llp u np oeKTH poBa HHH BoAox p aHHr'I Hrrra ce3o H Ho - roA,rr Horo p e,. lJrrrp orBarrHr croKa Ha H3yqeHHbrx B rHApoJrofuqecKoM orHoueHHU pexax paccqH- Qi*, (Qi) : Q,*, + r9# (Q;-ei)f ei+,o,,{T=P, (65) rrpeAbrAytrlefo MecflqeB. paBeHCTBa HOpMLI CToKa tAe 0;11 v6i- craHAaprbr cpeAHHX pacxoAoB npeAbrAyqefo H paccMarpr{- Qi tr Q;*, _ ;ffiilT:"#fi:::'nou,o""u.Mofo 14 !,nn uecaqHbrx r.rHTepBaJroB lrpnHflTb ycJroBue HJIH CTaHAapToB HeJrb3f. flplE pacqe-Te HMeer 3Har{eHne nu6op AJruTeJrbHocrr.r pacqerHbrx orp$-KoB BpeMeuu. llp n yBerur{eH Hn Ailvreilb Hocra r(op peJr ffT HBlafl,cBfl 3b Mo}Ker H3MCHflTbCfl. r u a n a YI. ctrSoHHo-roAnqHoE u MHOI'OJIETHEE PEIYJII4POBAHI4E CTOKA 5 1. Meroguna pacqeTa oc'oeHnre BHAbr peryJrHpoBaHr4fl croKa - ce3or{Ho-roAnqHoe H MHoro-JIerHee' llprz cesoHHo-roAHqHoM peryJlupoBaHVr4 ilepepacnpeAeJreHr.re ecre-crBeHHOfO CTOKa HJIH CTOKa, LI3MeHeHHO|O BbrrrepacnoJlolKeHHbrMH no peKeCOOpyX(eHHflMH' npOHCXOALIT B TeqeHI4e roAoBoro III,IKJIa, TO eCTb pefyJrr{py- 3::^:1l!_"".oAoBbre xo.ne6auus croKa B coorBercrBHH c sanpocaMr BoAo_rlorpeoHTe.neft HnIH BororIoJIb3oBarenefi. CeeoHHo-roAr4riHoe peryJrHpoBaHHeHa3brBaerca rny60KHM, KOrAa croK nepepaclpeAeJrflercfl 3a Becb roAonofineprroA BpeMeHH, U ner.rry6oxr.irra (ceaoHnnivr), KofAa pefyJrHpyrorcfl BHyrpH-ceSOHHbIe rone6auzfl crol(a 3a orneJlbHble ce3ouu la.rru-60nde i\{eJrr.rrA no^_ rydhrrr v tyrvvlr\Ilv p4l__ rurnDrE vlnrtrPbarrbl upeMel{H. lloBbIIUeHHe pacxoAoB oTAarIH AO 3aAaHI-IbIXBeJIHqI'{H rIpH ce3oHHo-foA?IqHoM pefyJrraponanv u npoHcxoAnr sacqer us6Hn-TorlHoro croKa AallHofo roAa. Bo4oxpan v[Ir4u\a ce3oHHo-roAHrrHoro pery-JIHpOBaIIHtI crol(a 3anoJllltllorcfl B nepr.roAbt noBbtlireilHoro cror( a Hilr4 noFrH-)r(eHHofo BoAonorpe6.[eHaq v cpa6arrrnarorcfl ex(efoAHo Ao MeprBofoo6leua' I{ux.rr pery/I'poBaHHfl. croKa BaBepuaercfl B TeqeHr4e roAa HJIE efoqacTH. llpn pa6orax ce3oHHo-roA'rrHoro peryJr'poBaH'fl croKa npHToK BBOAOXpaHLIJIHIqe xapaKTepPI3yercfl orAeJrbHbrMH |OAOBbTMH pacr{erHbrMHraAporpaQanau wJtH CKOHCTpyHpoBaHHbrM fHApOfpa60, .ro*^a saAariHorio6ecne.IeHHocru- cesoHHo-roA'qHoe peryJr,poBaH'e croKa flBJrflercff sau6o.nee pacfipo-CTPAHEHHbIM BHAOM PC|YJIHPOBAHI4fl. H IXHPOKO NPHMCHqCTCfl B qCJIflX BOAO.norpe6ne[Hfl. H BoAonoJrb3oBaHufl. Han6oneu irpyn"o,e BoAoxp al1rr1ril\a 232