Korla HaKroH BoAoHocHbrx cJroeB Ha[paBJreH K BoAoxpaHHJIHrrly,
a ypoBeHb fpyirToBbrx BoA Bbr[re efo MaKcr,rMaJrbHoro ypoBHfl, noTepH FIa
Snnmpauuro He3Haqr{TeJIbHbI.
MecrHute fnAporeoJrorl{qecKue H feoJlorarrecKne ycJIoBHfl BecbMa pa3-
Hoo6paauu. Vr{er ux oco6eHHo Bax(eu rrpa crpouTeJlbcrBe BoAoxpaHVItLru\
Ha peKax, He ApeHnpyroqux rpyHToBble BoAbI, a raK)r{e ilpH r,rry6oxonr
3aJlefaHr.rH fpyHToBbrx BoA rro oTHorueHHro K ypoBHflM HanoJIHeHHq BOAO-
xpaHHJIHrrla.
flo Aanr{brM B. A. Eaxrnapona, rroA3eMHarr eMKocrb I{uu.rrnucxoro
BoAoxpaHVrrr4rI\a cocraBHJIa 2,03 Ktry, HilH I5o/o or no.[esHot?.
flosnruerrkre H crlulKeHue ypoBHeli e HaseMHoM a [oA3eMHoM BoAoxpa-
HHJrHrqax pa3ilHqapr rro BpeMeHH.
@u.nnrpaquoHHbre rrorepn BbrrrucJlffIor npu cpeAHeM ypoBHe HanoJIHe-
HHs. Ilpra nplr6nuxeHHbrx pacqerax norepn Ha Qrznrrpauzrc orHoctlr
K eAHHHrre nJrorqaArr nJrv o6reua BoAoxpaHHJILIUra H npHHI,tMaIor nocrorH-
HbIMH
B oreercrBeHHblx cflyqaqx npoeKTHpoBaHHfl BoAoxpaHnntr4x\ Arq yrotl-
HeHHq rrorepb Ha Qra,nsrpauuro [poBoAflT cneur4aJIbHbIe HccJIeAoBauvfl.
OpneHnrpoBorrHo roAcqer cyMMapHbIX norepb Ha Qrz,irrrpaunlo npu BoAo-
xog qfi creeH Hbrx p acqera x n poBoAqr B 3aBHcH Mocrn or ruAporeoJlorl4 qecKn x
yc.nonHfi.
Xopourrae rHAporeororr.rqecKr.re ycJroBH fl coorBercrBytor cJryqaio, KorAa
Jro)Ke BoAoxpaFIU[rHaa BoAoHe[poHI,IqaeMoe, a ]ipoBeHb fpyHToBbIX BoA
Ha yqacrKe 3aJrefaer Bbtrrre orMeroK rloAnopHbIx yponueft.
Cpeluae ycJroBur xapaKreplr3yrorcfl MaJIonpoHHqaeMbIMI4 rpyHTaMn
Jro)Ka, HanprrMep cyfJrHHKaMH, fpyHToBbIe BoAbI HaxoAflTcs BbI[Ie ypoBHf
MeprBoro o6reua.
flpu nJroxux lHAporeoJrou4riecKllx ycJroBlrflx JIo)Ke BoAoxpaHpr[rLru\a
cJrox{eHo BoAon p o HH uaeMb{MLr rp yHTaMH, H MeeTcq oTToK H3 BOAO Xp aHljilUldJ,a
Ha rruraHne rpyHroBblx no4. HopMbI norepl na Qu.ubrpalrl4to M. B. flora-
noB rrpeAJrox{r'tJr npu6nux(eHHo npuHHMarb B BHAe cJIofl c eAHHIzIrbl rIJIo-
ulaAr.r HJrv B rrpoUeHrax or cpe4sero o6teMa 3a nepuoA ocpeAHeHur (ra6.rr. 5).
IABJ]14UA 5
t
yctroBH 'l
/o or cpe4Hero o6tetua
Unofi sa roq,, cm
3a A1eCflU
XopouHe
Cpequr.re
fl.noxne
0-50
50- l 00
> 100-200
5- l0
t0-20
> 20--40
0,5-l
l-1,5
> 1,5-3
@u,rtr'rp auuo H rible [orep H Ha3 H arrarcT 14 Ho rAa H a oc HoBe HC noJI b3oBaHu f
MaTep{,raJroB 3KcnJlyaTa:g:uw BoAoxpaHHJIHuI B paftoue crpoI4TeJIbcTBa, a
TaKX(e AaHHbIX perHoHaJIbHbIX BoAHo-6afi aHcoBbIX l{ccJleAoBanlrft .
r98
3aLryrfl florepb B ycJroBnsx llopua,nrHot? 3t{cnJlyarauuu BoAoxpaHI4JIHIIIa
Hac'ryraer npI,IMepFIo qepe3 4-5 "rrer.
florepu BoAbl Ha cpll,rrrpa[Hro r.r3 BoAoxpallHJIHUl, rl4ApaBJIHqecKH
83aHMocBfl3ar{Hbrx Me}KAy co6ori, yBfi3brBarorctI B BI'lAe 6anasca Bo3Bpar-
Hbrx u cpu"rrtrpaIrHoHHbIX BoA.
$ 3. Jlo;roo6pasoralrl{e rI l{p}/r'rle llo'i'optl BoJ[Ll
flpu orpraqaTe,,'IbHblx reMrleparypaX Bo3AyXa B BoAoxpaHHJIHUIe o6pa-
3yercrr ycroi.ruuer,rir reAocraB, [Ia xoropr'rii BbtitaAalo't ocaAKH B BI4Ae cHefa.
3anac BoAbr, Bpex,{eHlro aKr(yNr)/Jrupoeanulrr.r B JreAflHoM rI CHe]I(I{OM
noKpoBax'HeMo)Ker6urlHeriocpeAc'rBeHHollcrIo'Tb3oBaHAJIfl[oBbIU]eHI'Ifl
orAaqll.
Ecnn BoAoxpaHur'rnule gr.rrurori noJutoc't'bto tte cpa6arstnaercfl, To JIeAfl-
goit vt cueiNnuri,i noKpoB 3arpyAHenwh e 3r{cnJlyaral\H}o He BHocflT, a Ha-
Jrrrqr.re ycroiiullnoro JreAocraBa rrpeAorBpaulaer Bo3Molr(Ilocru o6pa3oBaHlIfl
Bly'rpHBoAlroro JtEAa (urylu). PacxoAbt oTAaqll rat()t{e lle clll'lr(alorctl, TaK
KaK JIeA H iloKpbrBaroulufi ero cHer cBor.uu BecoM Bbtrecllfllor 3l{BHBaJIeHT-
srrrl o6r'etr BoAbl.
CTByIOT pOCTy TOJIUIHHbI JIbAa.
hpr' sHaqrareJrbHoM cHelKHoM noKpoBe rpo[eccbt neAoo6pa3oBaHl4s
aar,nxarc.r. vls-sa rvraJrbrx cKopocrei.t eoAl'l TOJIUIHHa JIbAa B BOAOXpaHIIJIH-
ue 
-6onrure, qeM B peKax AaHHoro pafioria, -ri 3aMep3aior oHti o6liquo paHb-
rxe peK, a oceo6oxAarcTcfl oro JIbAa no3AHee.
3 s aqnre.nb Hoe BeTp o Boe BoJr HeHr4 e H a I{ p yil HbIX BoAoxp a HI4 JIHxIax Mox(eT
'3aAep)Kam o6pasoBaHHe ycrol'ruueoro JleAocraBa B HaqaJIe ne4oo6pa3oBa-
ur4fl. O6reu BoAbt, aKKyMyirr,rpyevrr',tii B ctteit(IIoM tI JIeAtIFIoM IIol(poBe,
oceAarouleM Ha IIo,rIorHX 6eperax BoAoXpaHHJll4uIa npg guusefi ero cpa-
6orxe, 3aBHcr{T or roJrir{rrHbr JrbAa LI cHera I{ or oqepraHufl 6eperoellx cK.IIo-
HOB AOJIHHbI.
Ec"rrra B rrepr4oA ycroftuunoro JreAocraBa 3a pacqerHblu IIHTepBaJI
BpeMeHH npu orHocuTeJrbuo se6o.nruroft cpa6orxe TIJIoI{aAb 3epKaJIa B Ha-
r99