no,'IHHTeJIbHOe ItCnapeHLIe BbITIHCJTfltOT C nJIOUIaAeH, OfpaHHqeHHbIX OTMeT-
KaMH Hny 14 yMO. B npe4erax srHX ypoeHefi r4cKJrroqaercfl Bo3Mo)KHocrb
nJraHoMepHoro cerbcKoxosqficrseHuoro l4crroJrbgoBaHufl TeppI,IToplrz. Max-
cHN{aJrbHafl n/toulaAb 3arorrfleHKfl kr yrrer noATo[JIeHHf cooTBeTcTByer nJIo-
u\a1r4 npa HopMa,TbHo rroAnopHoM ypoBHe. HeoAnnaKoBafl uHTeHcI4BHocrb
cpa6orxu BoAoxpaHuJruu\a B ilpeAe/Iax or Hnyao VMO co3Aaer pa3ilrru-
Hbre lcJroBvrrr HcnapeHHr c o6ua>xeHHoro or BoAbr JrolKa BoAoxpaHHJriluJa
pl AOJI>KHa yrIHTbIBaTbCfl npI4 OnpeAeJIeHI'lH noTepb BOAbI FIa AOnOr'lHllTe"IIb-
HOe HcnapeHIZe.
llpz nrrur4cJreHr,ru norepb BoAbr Ha Ao[oJrHHTeJIbHoe HcnapeHue npoKAe
Bcefo onpeAeJrflror norepu Ha r{cnapeHr.re c BoAHor? nonepxHocrt{ I{ cytxz.
flp ra n an vqvrw Aa H Hbrx H a6n rcAe uufi sa Mereop oJIo rH rlec KH MH 3JI eMeHTa-
MH Ha BoAoeMe Be,/'rr4rrnHy croq HcnapeHnq c soAuori noBepxHocru BbI-
qr.icJrsror no o6o6UeHsofi Qopir.ly,rre A. n. Bpac,rrancKoro n B.fl. Br.rxy.rruuofi.
Ec.ntr ria6"nrcAesHs 3a MereopoJroruqecKr4Mr.{ oJIeMeHTaMH IIpoBoAI,IJII4cb
Ha MereocraHuun, paciloJrolxessofi Ha cyue, To npla pacl{ere cJIofl I4cIIa-
peHnq c soAHofi rroBepxHocrn HcrroJrbsyror MeroA TenJloBoro danauca
(rro A. fI. Epac"rrancNovry), KaJIeHAapHlrfi pa4 Ha6.rlrcAeuIafi Ha nraByrreM
Licrapurene ffl{ - 3000, Ha6.rrroAeltfl, sa HcrrapeHI.IeM B 6accefinax [JIo-
rrraAbro 20 tuz HJILI Kapry HopM l{clapeHufl.
Be.nlrquuu r4cnapeHurr paannuuofi o6ecneqeuHocru HaxoAflT nyreM
crarncruqecrofi o6pa6orxra. llpu orcyrcrBull AaHHbIX ua6.nrcAesgft xoaQ-
Ququenr BapHauHH uc[apeHHr c BoAHofi nonepxHocra rrpuHI,IManr paBHbIMu
0,1-0,15, n 3aBr.IcHMocrI4 or 3oHbI, a KogQSII[t4eHT acHMMerpHH paBHbIM
HyJrFo. PacuerHyro o6ecneqeHHocrb HcnapeHufl c BoAuofi IIoBepxHocrI4
npu6,rruxeHrro Bbrr{HcrrrrcT Kar{ AonoJI}IeIrLIe Ao 1000/o o6ecneqetlHocrH perl-
HO|O CTOKa:
p: IOg-Pv,
rAe pu - pacrrerHas o6ecneqeHHocrb croKa.
Llcnapenue c rroBepxHocrr.r cyrxu BblqucJrflror no MeroAaM BoAHoro UJIH
TerrJroBoro 6araHcoe, [o reMrleparype v BJIa)KHocrH Bo3Ayxa v Ap.
flp, MHoroJrerHeM peryJrvrpoBaHrvt cToKa cpeAHI4e norepu Ha AonoJIHH-
TeJrbHoe HclrapeHHe HaxoAflT ilo pa3HOcrH:
Eo: En-E"p,
(14)
( 15)
(16)
rAe Eu - cpeAlleMlloroJlerHtltI
IIOCTI,I:
E.n cpeAllell3Betuelllloe
IloAoxpaIIL]JItiula.
BCJII.{IIHHA T,ICilAPCHHfl C EOAHOfi NOBCPX-
Hcnapent4e c nJIoUaAl.t Ao yc'rp<iliclna
I4cnapeulre c BoAHor? nooepxHocru sa n iler BbIqHCJItIIoT no 3aBHCI4Mocru:
E,.n-E"(f#op'+r) ,
rAe E".n - HcnapeHl4e c
TO|O pycJla;
@pe - orKJIoFIeHI4e
npu Co:I;
194
eoAHofi noBepxHocru sa n-Jrerne B rrepl{oA orKpbl-
opAHHar rpranofi o6ecneqeuHocrll or cepeAHHbI
pn- pacr{errrafl o6ecneqeFrHocrb HcnapeHHfl c eoAHofi noBepx-
Hocru, B3flTafl KaK AorroJrHeHHe Ao 100%-Hofi o6ecneqeHHo-
CTI,I CTOKA.
llorepn upu6.rruxeHHo orHocffTcfl K cpeAHeirry o6reMy BoAoxpaHHJrHrrla no
HHTepBaJraM BpeMeHr,r 3a neprroA orKpblTofo pycJla.
llo cpe4uevry o6teMy BoAoxpaHr4Jrrlqa c o6teuHoli UJIH TollorpaQu-
qecxoft xapaKTepHcrr4:xr cHuMaror cpeAHroro urorrraAb eoAHor? rroBepx-
HOCTH O.o B lvlz, eA, K.1,42.
O6rela rrorepb Ha AonoJrrruTeJrbHoe HcnapeHr4e rpu MHoroJrerHeM pely-
Itr4poBauu,r4 cToKa HaxoAfT KaK
LEA: Eorr rn twj
flpn cesoHHoM peryJrnpoBaruw croKa upu6"rru>xeHFro norepr.r Ha AonoJr-
HHTeJrbHoe r.rcirapeHne, cBfl3aHHoe c ycrpoftcrBoM BoAoxpaHr.rJIHIqa, ua-
xoAflT no pa3Hocrr4 MelKAy cJro.flMr4 r.rcnapeHllff c eoAHofi noBepxHocrr4
H cJIOeM OCaAKOB c yrIeTOM pa3II'IrIHOft UX O6eCneqeHHOCTH, nO npHHfTbIM
r4HTepBaflaM BpeMeHr4 3a rrepuoA oTKpbrTofo pycJra.
A. A. CoNo.non npeAJIolKHfl yrIHTbIBarb HopMy norepb croKa B cBfl3u
c co3AaHHeM BoAoxpaHHJrHrr\ no coorHoueHrlflM aJreMeHToB BoAHofo 6a.naHca.
flpu sroM ornaAaer Heo6xoAnMocrb Bbrr{r4cJrflTb cpeAHeB3BerrreHHyro Be-
Jrr{qr.rHy HcnapeHr4r Ao ycrpoficrBa BoAoxpaHr.rJrHUIa.
Lonycxaercfl, rrro HopMa croKa c urorqaAH BoAoxpaHr{JIHqa Ao ero
co3AaHufl paBHa cJroro croKa (nopue) c n,rroiiraAu noAoc6opa peKr4 B crBope
TIJIOTHHbI.
llorepu croKa B AoJrrrx HopMbr croKa (no A. A. Coxonony) cocraBJrrrror;
L,h:'+:P(+-r),
(17)
( l8)
rpe h, - cnor? croKa (uopnaa) c nJroruaAu soAoc6opa peKr.r nocre co3Aa-
HVrfl BOAOXpaHHJTVUIa;
P - pioJrr no4oc6opnofi [JroIrIaAH, 3aHHMaeuofi BoAoxpaHr.rJrurrreM;
x - c;rrofi (uopl,ta) foAoBbrx ocaAKoB, BbrraAaroultrx Ha BoAHyto ilo-
BepxFrocTb, c yqeToM nonpaBoK;
D ^ -^-q /-,^-- -^\
En - ciloll (HopMa) acfiapeHlls c BoAHoH li-oBepXriOCTli.
Ecnu HanpaBJreHr.re reqeHnr peKr.r cJreAyer H3 3acymJruBbrx e 6oree
yBJIax(FIeI{Hbre o6,nacrtt, FIopMa croKa c flJlorrraAr.r noloc6opa He paBr{a
HopMe croKa c nJroillaAr4 o, oHa MeHb[re h->h.
Ec.nra Bo/loxpat'ruJrr4u{e co3AaFro Fra peKe c FranpaBJreHHeM TeqeHI4fl H3
yuJIir)rfllclllll,lX o6;tac'r'clfi B Mcilcc yBJra)rilrcililrrrc, ilopMa cTol(a c nJIouaAI,l
6y41,[igpq 3zr'ronJIenr4fl h,,, Merrb[re cpeArrefi LropMr]r croKa AJrg Bceno 6ac-
cefiua h27,,,.
C yue'ron,I arl,tx pae.nnuuir B FropMax croKa c rrJrouraAefi soAoxpaHHJtHrq
a eoAoc6opa pacr{er norepb croKa BeAyr no 3aBr4cr4Mocrz:
L,h:r(+-+) (le)
rge h,,, - c.noii (Hopn,ta)
Ao nocrpoilxu u,roruHbr.
7*
croKa c nJrouraAu 6yayurero BoAoxpaHkrrrvu\a
195