B pefyJIHpoBaHHH CTOKa H He nOAJIeX(HT Cpa6OTKe B HOpMaJrbHbrX yCAOBT{ffX SKCnJryaraL\Hkr, Ho l4Meer 6o.urruoe npaKTHqecKoe 3HarleHr4e A/rfl rroAAepx{a. rur.rn ycTofiI{HBorl pa6orbr BoAoxpaHHJMrrIa. flpn HanHqHH B rrJrornHe AoHHbrx orBepcrnft ueprnufi odrervt AeJrHTcf, Ha ABe r{acru: l) o6tenr HH}Ke orBepcrufi, ue cpa6arbrBaelruft caMoreKoM; 2) o6tena BbtrIe ornepcrnfi, IIe HcnoJrb3yeurrft B HopMaJrbHbrx yoJroBuflx 9KCrrJIyaTaI\HVI. B ttcx,rrcqnTeJlbHo Ma/IoBoAHbIe roAbr nocJleAHr.rfi o6renr MolKer qacrurr- Ho cpa6arunarbcfl, npw TexHuKo-gKoHoMHrIecKoM o6ocHoshHr,In rleJre- coo6paauocrn arorl cpa5orxw. flpegenruunra ypoBHflMH BoAoxpaHHrrkril\a, orpaHr.IrrHBarorrraMrz rro: JleaHyro, eMKocrb, flBJrflrorcfl Hopua"uruurl rroAnopHbrft. yponenl (Hny) fi yponenb MeprBoro o6reua (VMO). HopuanlHuru noArropHbrM ypoBHeM Ha3brBaercfl npoexrHuft ypoBeub HanoJrHeHHs BoAoxpaHI4JILIrqa, orpaHI,ItIHBaroulHfi cnepxy nonesHufi o6retr. Hny Mo)Ker rrogepxHBarbcfl noAropnbrMr.r coopyx(euHrrMr.r 4nure.nruuft rrepuoA. flpaveuareJlbHo x H|IV paccqnrbrBaror coopy)KeHua, nxo4flrrlu6 B cocraB BoAoxo3flficrseHHori ycragonxn, o6ecnequearcu1efi pa6ory BoAo. xpaHHJrIlIIla; OnpeAeJlfltor cTot4MocTHbre rroKa3aTeJrH; yqHTbIBaroT BoJrHoBoe nos4eftcrnne; HasHaqarcr r"ny6uny cpa6orKH An'-. HopMaJrbHslx yc.noeuft eKcn/IyaraI\HH. Or orlterxn HIIV c yrleroM xpnnoft no4nopa BbrrrucJrflror 1lUep6, HaHeceHHltfi uapo4HoMy xogsfrctny garorr/r€Hu€M; no.qronJreHgeM H repepadorxori 6eperon. floeHueHHe ypoBHfl BoAoxpa:f^]/,;/r%rr\a uaa HIIV B HopMaJIbHbIX ycJIoBHflx gKcnJIyaTa\HkI HeAonycTHMo, Ba HcK/rroqeHHeM KpaTKOBpeMeHHbrX nOAbeMOB ypOBHs BCJTeACTBHe BerpOBOfo uaronh. Bu6op^orMerKu Hny - uau6o,nee orBercrBeHHafl 3aAarra rpoeKTE- poBaHHfl. Or npanH,/'tbHoro Ha3HaIIeHHfl ee B gHarlnTentHorl crerreHg 3aBH- cr paqHouansuuf pe)KHM I{cnoJIb3oBaHuf croKa, yAoBJIerBopeHHe n,ra- y_oPg$ orAaqH , pa6ora coopy)KeHufr,'wx ra6apursr H pasMerqeHae. Orrr,rerxy Hny ycraHaBJIHBaIor Ha ocHoBe rexHaKo-exoHoMr4qecKrax pacqeroB pa3- JIHIIHbIX BAPHAHTOB. KparxonpeMeHHoe noBbIuIeHI4e ypoBHfl BoAoxp a*urrnn\a HaA orMerxofi Hny Ha3brBaerca Sopcraponxoft. @opcuponry yponHeri AJrr r(pynHbrx O6teKlOg nOnVCKarcT TOJIbKO B CJIVTI2e I{eR0.4I\i{nx.xureJrbHoe rrpeBbrrxeHue orMerKu Hny HaHocHT yrqep6 Ha. poAHoMy xosqficrey, yBeflHtluBaer lJrorrlaAb 3arorrJrflevoli, noAronngeuofi TeppHropr4H B BepxHeM 6ne$e. 3ro npex4e Bcefo sarparnBaer [Hrepecbr ceJlbcKoro xossltcrBa Lr He Mox{eT olpaBAbrBaTbcfl Aax{e 6onrrxerl p6Hra- 6e,rlsocrbro Mepon pHflTHn. _ __fgqy.p yurep6a or ru6enn noceBoB B pe3yrrbrare SopcupoBaHufl ypoBuff Hny L[nu.naHcKofo BoAoxpaHuJrurrla Ha cpoK csriu-e lbaneft sa-l'gSb- 1957 m. Bbrpax(aeTcfl B corHflx rbrcflrr py6,rrefi. MauprnanrHr,rfi no4nopHufi ypoBeHb, orpaHHqaearcqufi 'naeprnufi o6reu cBepxy, Ha3brBaercr ypoBHeM MeprBoro o6renra. VMO npe4cianna- 180 er oAHH H3 BalKHbrx napaMeTpoB pefyJlHpoBaHHff' H npaBpuluufi sstdop ero orMeTKH I'IMeer 5o.nlu-toe 3HaqeHHe' A.nn BOAOXpaHHJrr.rilL KOTOpbIe o6cnyxunaloT opoueHHo HJIH KOI\'IM!' Ha,,rbHOe vl npoMbIlIIJIeHHOe sOAocHa6)Kel{HO 14 COOpy}Ka}OTCfl I{A peKax' TpaHcnopTHpyloull4x 6o.niluOe KOJIHqeCTBO I{allocoB, LrJIt4 B ropHbIX H npeA' ;;ilil- ^puiionu* , rrJt4 IIa BpeIvteHIIbIX H MaJI'IX RoAoT'oKax' peuarcu'M VgJTOBHSM AJIq HaXOX{AeHHfl MepTBOTO O6teva cJIy)KHT 3aH'l'leHHe B9AOXpa' L;;;*;,- ijuno.o,, aKKyMyrrHpyncb B BoAoxpaHH"rrHure, nocrener-rHo 3a' NOJIHflIOT CfO EMKOCTb. Arq roro qro6rt Becb KoMtlrleKc coopyxen"fi no q:ry-l-1!.:^u-1HlzFo croKa pa6ora.n B HOpMaJIbHbIX ycJIOBHfX H B TerIeHI4e IIpoAoJIXHTeJIbHofo Bpe- ilr;;;,;.o6xolur'r 5onlur6ft 3anac eMl(ocrl{' Aocraroquufi ArIfl aKKyMy/IH- poBa'r.rfl "u,ro.ou Attt.HbIrIeHHfl no,,'IeeHoro o6leua' 3'ror 3arlac eM- KOCTH nocTOflHHO CoKpauaeTcf no Mepe 3aHeceHHt' a cJIeAoBaTeJIbHO' yMeHbuaercfl H pery.nipyiouree 3Har{eHI'Ie BOAOXpaHI{JIHilra' sKcrlJlyarauHtl r(oTopofo npoucxo4lrT B rleHOpMaJIbFIbIX ycJIOBHtIX' orAaqa ilpu 3TOM CHH' ,nu.do". 3auneru4e' BoAoxpaHHJII'tula - rlpHpoAsltfi npoqecc' ero HeJIb3fl npeAorBparuTb' Ho MolKuo oc'na6utn'--'-fru puunrn"otx peKax C OTH..IITeJIbHO ue6OnluuM KOIHI{.CTB.M HaHo' coB npouecc 3aI,IJIeius u SaHeceHI{f BoAoxpaHHJ'IHUI ilpoTeKaeT MeAJIeHHo' Mr4Hr,rrv:ar,rbHbrr.r npoerrHnifi ypoBeHb onpeAeJIflercr Apyrl4MH ycJIoBI'IflMI4' floc,neAHl{ir s erl.Ix ycJIoBHflx Ha3HarlaroT' HcXOAfl tZa rpedosa1utt' o6ec' neqeHl4f ,nr.paaou uoAonofpe6nre'neir u nolonolb3oBatenetl H 3I(OHOMI4' qecxoft Uenecoo6pa3HocT' ix yAoBJIerBopeHHfl. flpu TpaHcnopr'oM r4c' roJrb3oBartt.tH BoAoxpaHHJIHIIIa VtvtO onp-e4e'trnloT KaK MI{HHMa/lluuft sa' BHraUgor{Httl,t ypOneHb, no KOTopoMy o6-ecnequBaloTctl ueo6xOAlIMbIe tJIy' 6uulr, npr.HflTbrb l.rrs BoAHoro tlyrg. flo erofi )Ke oTMerKe paccqurblBaloT fiopofll U,'Iro3oB' noAXOAbI K npl4cTaHfl\'l' Ha BoAoxpaHrdJrr4qax ru4f oeneKrpocraHql{ft yMO coorBercTByeT oTMeTKe MaKcHMaJIbHo Aollycruvrofi rny6nulr cpa6orrz nOnesHofi eMKocTH ,r^'^v."rr"n noMepx(aHHfl Hanopa. Eoniluaq cpa6orxa cHH)KaeT Hanop v npr4BoAHT x naAenrao touf"odt" n nupa6oTKl4 gJleKrposHeprt4g' llplr sadope BOAbr Ha opoueHHe c. noAaqefi ee 'ua yqacTKH CaMOTeKOn'r vMo IJANOEI{N HAsFT2IIBIOT H3 YCJIOBHI{ KOMAHAOBAHHfl H NPONYCXUOft CNOCOoHOCTH n!-yvArrv '^"-^^--;-- r rrrr nouut.Tv rt rrnl/T[t\/FI2-rIF - COOpyXeUUit. MUgUMaJIbHbIe ypo:11^1T,,::J"T"triiuiciar-r'Drzi i'i i-rv'rvtrYriiiqriL' HbIX BOAO3aoopoB kI ren"[ognexrpocranqnft pacctII4TbIBaIOT' HCXOAfl I'I3 ;;;";; oO..niuu.Hun llpoexruofi 'rapaHruposaHHofi orAaIrH' Musuu&rlb" nslfi yponeHb BOAOXpaHHJIHIIIa B sHMHI{fi neprao,4 Ha3HaqaFoT c yqeToM BOAO- cHa6xeHuf B cTBope nO4nuparcUeto rHApoy3JIa, SHMHe|O OTCTof GyAOB' ortdsoro xoaqficrs a n rugposHepreruKu" ""^V;;;.;o *uptuoro o6beMa rpr peryrllrpoBa*kr'r croKa coorBercrByer orMerKe np.o".iu;;ft .puootn"-BoAoxpaHHrIHIqa' Bi'l6op orMerKH yMO r43 CaHHrup"or* y.nou"fi npeAycMaTpHBaeT roAAeplKaHVe rpe6yeuofo Ka' qecTBa BOAbr r4 HeAonyueHHe nna"tlnpuoresHofl o6craHos txnoft 3OHe nenpo4yKrHBHbrx M_e.rrKoBoAIafi c rny6vrHaMr4 MeHeo 2 nt.Ilanr4q'e MeJrKoBoAutt i sa6o,'IoqeHHocTH npHB.AHT He roJIbKo K yxyA- l8!