taot rs63 t965 t967 ts\,fo0ar
Pnc. 58. Msoro,reruee penyJrupo-
BAH}IC CTOKA.
rreHHfl rfly6HH, Heo6xoAHMbrx npH Jleco-
c[JraBe, cyAoxoAcTBe, rrpn npoMbIBKe cKon-
JreHr{r? H 3 af p f 3 HeHHrl, op f aHH3 arlr.rH KyJrb-
rypHofo orAbrxa n cnopTHBHo-o3AopOBH-
TeJrbHbrx N{eporpHflrufi. flonycKH rr3 BoAo-
xpaHHJrHrrInpoBoAflTuBCaHHTapHbrX
IICJIflX.
CeeoHHo-ro,quqHoe peryJrupoBaHne cro-
Ka (pzc. 57). Bo4oxpaxnnuula nepepac:
npeAeJrflroT npHToK BoAbr no peKe B Teqe-
HHq roAa vilr4 ce3oHa. llepuog pa6oru
BoAoxpaHnltvl.lu.a (UuN.rr HaKon'lleHvn u cp a-
6orxa) 3aKaHqr4Baercr ga ce3oH Luru ror,.
B MHorosoAHbre roAbl H3JIIIueK BoAbI c6pacunaercfl H3 BoAoxpaHr4ilvu\a
B ttHxHufi 6reQ; B HcKJIIoT{HTeJIbHo MaJIoBoAHbre roAbr 6mearcr 1ecpaqurlr,
oTAaqu.
MnororerHee peryJrupoBaHue (pnc. 58) - uaa6olee nonuufi v co-
BeprueHHbtit sra[ peryJrHpoBaHr4fl, croKa. flepepacnpeAeJreHHe croKa pac-
rrpocrpaHfle-Tcfl Ha Becb nepvoA pefyJrupoBaHfifl,, cocroflrrlntt us pn4a Jrer.
B raHorosoAHble roAbt eMKocrb BoAoxpaHv[rvr\a 3afloJlHffercs, B MaJro-
BoAHbIe - cpa6arblBaercfl. Muoro.nerHee pefyJrlrpoBaHr{e croKa rpe6yer
co3AaHr{ fl , eMKHX BOAOXp aHHJrHrrl.
'IIpu bueuraHuou peryJIHpoBaHI{u croKa BoAoxpaHuJnrue Bbrcr.rJero
nopflAKa r4cnoJrb3yercfl AJrfl pefyJrupoBanr4fl, croKa sa 6onee KoporKr.re
orpe3KH BpeMeHV. Msoroneruee peryJrr{poBaHr,re croKa o6ecnequnaer
oAHOBpeMeH HO Ce3O HHO- fOAI4qHOe, HeAeJrbHOe ?r CyTOq HOe p eryJrHpoBaHr,rs.
Bo,qoxparu4JIHIqe ce3oHHo-roAHr{Horo peryJr14poBaHr.rfl rrorryrHo Moxer
ilepepacnpeAeJrflTb cToK 3a HeAeJrro H cyTKH.
Knaccra$raKaqzlo no gr{cnJryaraqraouuuM npr{3HaKaM Anr ce3oHHoro
H MHoroJlerHero peryJlapoBaHLrfl, npeAJrolKra.rr fl.A.,Ilsnuqen. Sra xnaccu$u-
Kag4fl, BKJIIoqaer 12 su/:os ce3oHHo-roAHqHoro rr MHoroJrerHero peryJrr4-
poBaHHfl I4 HCXOALIT H3 CTpeMilellr4fr. K paqr4oHailHs?\HLr r4CrrOJrb3OBAHVfr
Hs6ttro,{Horo crol{a u o6ecneqeHufl rapaHTr.rposaunoft nocroflHHofi orgaun
t'nnocroe DervJI HDoBa Hfi e Ha t- a naHTtIDoRa HHvto or[arrv - r.rn M AK ?u\,/r A.rrr-H\/r.'
\ f - - - f - J----f -r------r-------J-- -^^--Jr ---
orAaqy, Ha nepeMeHHbre orAaqu, cJrox{Hoe Aucnerr{epcKoe s r. A:). llpz
cHcTeMe HecKoJIbKHX BOAOXpaHT.TJTHUI peFyAUpOBaHr.re CTOKa nOApa3AeJrfleTcfl
Ha K ac K aA Hoe v Beep Hoe. PdsflHqaror KoMrreHcHpyroqee pe-
ryJrupoBaHrze H 6ySepHoe.
K o vr n eH c H p y ro rrl ee pefyJrupoBaHr4e BnpocroMcflyrraeo6ecne-
qHBaeTcq AByMf ycTaHoBKaMr.r: BepxHfl,fl, r,rMeeT BoAoxpaHr.rJrHrqe, a Hkl>K-
Hrfl ocyuecrBJrffer noAaqy BoAbr norpe6zreJrro. Konrnescupytoqee peryJru-
poBaHr{e Jr rr KBr.rAr4p yer .qeQurIHT He3ap eryaH p oBaH Hofo cToK a Me}KAy ycTa-
HOBKAMH AO BCJIHI{I4HbI OTAAqH 3A CqCT NONYCKOB I{3 BOTOXPAHHJIHXIA.
E y Q e q H o e .peryJILIpoBaHHe ocyqecrBJrffror BoAoxpaHr4Jruxla orHo-
cI{reJIbHo He6ontuofi evxocru. Taxoe peryJrHpoBaHHe npeAHa3HaqeHo AJrfl
ycTpaHeHHfl Bo3MOIKHbIX npOCqerOB B nOlyCKaX BOAbr U3 BbrrrrepacfloJro-
xeHHono BoAoxpaHnlrhl\a, AJrr KoMneHcaqHr{ AeQuqralgB orAaqr4 B crBope
no4osa6opa.
174
flo uepe ece 6onuuero HcnoJrb3oBaHus ecrecrBeHHoro croKa H ero
sapefyJrr4poBaHz f BO3Hr4KaeT psA HOBbTX 3aAaq I4 pAcilHpfleTcfl THnH3aIIHf
BHAOB pef )UIHpOBAHVfl, CTOKa.
$ 3. Pac.rernas o6ecneqeHHocrb rrpr peryJrlrpoBaHrrll crona
B ilpar(Tr,rKe pacqeroB rxnpor{o rrpuMeHflror MeroAbI MareMatH.Iecxofi
crarr4cruKH. flpu groM MHoroJrerHHe Ko/re6ayus. MaKcHMaJIbHbIx, cpeAHI4x
H MT4LTITMAJIbIIbIX ECTHI{HH CTOKA, OCAAKOB, I4CIAPCHHfl, CKOPOCTH BCTPA,
MyrHocra 11. T. A. uao6paxarcr KpHBbTMH o6ecneqenHocru, IlocrpoeHne
Koropbrx BeAyr pa3aprr{HbrMu cnoco6airan. tlaqe Bcero rtpH nocrpoeHua
KpHBbrx o6ecneqeHHocrrz flcnoab3yror MHoroJIerHHe AaHHbIe sa6nrcAeuurt
3a npouJrrrrl nepzoA c ueo6xoAuuofi KoppeKruponxofi Hx Ha ocHoBe npo'
rrro3a 6yayuux I43MeHeHI4fi npnpo,4Hltx ycnoeHfi.
Srr.lnupuuecKue r.r reopernqecKue KpHBbre o6ecneqesHocrll xapaKTepH-
ayror H3MeHqHBocrb HcKoMbrx BeJIHTTHH. O6ecneqeHHocrb e o6UeN,I BHAe
npeAcraBJrfeT oTHorrreHr{e qr4cJra cJryqaeB, n_pH KoTOpbIX HCKOMafl BeJIHIIHHa
npeBbt[raeT saAaHHyIo HJII{ paBHa efi, x o6UeuY qucily BeJILIqHH paccMaT-
pr{BaeMofo pflAa.
flpn npoeKrHpoBaHHH BoAoxosqr?creeHHblx o6textog pa3ruqHoro Ha-
3HaqeHufl BBeAeHo rroHflTue pacqerHofi o6ecneqeHHocru B KaqecrBe KpI'ITe-
pr.{s HaAex(Hocrn onpeAeJIeHHs lrcKonaofi senvquubl, H3MeHnloqerlcs Bo Bpe'
MeHH. HasHaqeHr,reM pacrrerHofi o6ecneqeHHocrr4 ycraHaBJll4BaForcfl Bepx-
Hl'ze VJWL HLIIKHHe npeAeJrbr AOnyCTr4MOCTr4 npeBbrrlleHHs BeJIHTIHHbI B ycJIO-
BHqx ar(cn,/'ryara\Lru. Pac,{erHaq o6ecneqeHHocrb RaK Kpl4Teplafi HaAex{-
Frocrn nu6opa Hcxorr,tofi BeJrnrrr4Hbr r.rMeer npn rrpoeKTLIpoBaHHH ABorKoe
3HAqCHI,IC.
flpu npoeKrnpoBaHr4u BoAoc6pocusrx coopyx(eHufi, nnu .qarr.r6 o6sano-
BaHVn pacqerHas o6ecner{eHHocrb cJry}KHT BepxHHM npeAeJIoM npeBblue-
Hr4fl, MaKcHMaJIbHbIX pacxoAoB; 3a STHM npeAeaoM (n cropoHy MeHb-
tlrero npoueHra o6ecneqeHnocru) Bo3Mo)KHbI pa3pyrueHrfl. srr4x coopy'
xeriufi. 'a
flpn pacuere MnHHMaJrbHbrx r,r cpeAHHX roAoBbrx pacxoAoB BoAbI, a rar-
x{e BHyrplrroAoBoro pacnpeAer-reH-r{fl. cToKa B KaqecrBe KpIITepHfi iiaAe}K-
r{ocrn trx oilpeAeJrer{Hn nptrHl4MaeTcfl TaK>Ke ex(efoAuaq o6ecneqeHHocTb,
KaK BepoflTHOCTb npeBbIUeHVfl, ?Tl4X BeJIHIII4H.
Pacqernan elKeroAHaq o6ecileqeHHocrb orpaHnr{I4Baercq cHI{3y ,u,ony-
cruMbrM npeAeJroM npeBbrueHufl pacxoAoB. VserH.reur4e npoueHTa e>KetoA-
noii o6ecne.reHHoclu cBfl3aHo c yMeHbueHr4eM pacxoAoB H cHlIlKeHLIeM
cTeneHH rlcno./Ib3oBaHnfl, BOAHbIX pecypcoB.
B ycnonnflx peryJrupoBaHur croKa yBefiHrreHne npoueHra o6ecneqeH-
Hocru orAaqn rpe6yer co3AaHurr BoAoxpaHvrlrr4u\ 6o.uruefi eMKocrH. Pac-
qerHafl o6ecneqeHHocrb orAarru HHorAa xapaKTepu3yercff B [poqeHTax
KaK BepoqrHocrb 6ecnepe6orlusrx ner, B TeqeHHe Koropbrx norpe6I,ITeJII4
yAoB,'rerBoprlorcfl eoAor? rroJrHocrbrc 6es [epepbrBa. B cooreercrBnu c aTI{M
Ha3HaqeHbr HopMarHBHbIe npou,el-ITbr o6ecneqeHHocru.
Cornacno CH 371-67, o6ecneqeHHocrb rapaHTnposaHHol? orAaIIH
HopMupyercr B 3aBLIcHMocrH or BVAa norpe6nreflfl r,r creneHu AorrycraMocra
t76