qr.re HaH6oJrbrlHe r.r HaHMeHbruHe 3HaqeHHfl cToKa; 9TH yqacTKr4 ffBflqroTcg
Har,r6oJree BalKHbrMr.r B pacqerax croKa. TeoperuuecKu crporuX o6ocHosaHrafi
AJIfl BbrBoAa ypaBHeHHfl r<punor? pac[peAe/reHufl nnApoJlorurrecKr4x gJre-
MEHTOB TAK)KC HCT.
floerorrry reoperur{ecKyro KpHByro o6ecneqeHHocru rnApoJrorr4rrecKHx
BCJIHI{HH, B TOM I{HCTC H TOAOBO|O CTOKA, CTPOflT HA OCHOBAHHIj MATCMATH-
rrecKHX KpHBbrx p acnpeAeJreHufl , sau6o.nee noJrHo orp ax(arcqux xap aKTep
rzgMeHquBocrr4 ruApoJrornqecKux BeflHrrHH. Hau6onuxero pacflpocrpaHe-
HHII B rHApoJIorHH noryl{unvr 6nuowLrailbrafl KpvIBafr, pacnpeAene'uua (ns-
BecrHafl raKlKe KaK r(puBan flapcoHa III runa) ri KpHBbre rpexnapaMerpu-
qecKoro raMMa-pacrpeAeJreHnfl, paspa6oraHHnre C. H. KpuuKr.rM H M. O.
MeHxe.neu.
Eu uorrra afl b Harr acr4 MMerp prqHafl, Kp H B afl B np aKTH Ky ruAporo ruqecKr,I x
pacqeroB s CCCP 6lr.na BBeAeHa A. X. CoxonoecKur\r e 1930 r.
VpanneHue acHMMerpuqecKoft 6uHouna"nrsofi xpunofi pacnpeAeJleHufl
e guQQepeHr{HaJrbHoli Qoprrae npu HaqaJre KoopAHHar B roqKe uo4u (ctr,t.
puc. 19) r4Meer Br4A:
(107)
(108)
nAe.r - nepeMeHHble 3HaqeHHfl paccMaTpHeaervrofi fHApoJrofuqecxofi Be-
rur{nHbr (a6cqr,rccu xpranori pacrpeAe.neuua);
A - coorBercrBeHHoe 3Har{eHr.re qacroru (oplaHarbr rpnnofi paclpe-
4eneHnn);
Uo - MoAaJrbHafl opArrHara xpunofi;
e - ocHoBaHr{e HarypaJrbHbrx JrorapuQruon;
d - paguyc acuMMerpur.r;
a - paccroflHue or MoAbr Ao JreBoro KoHrra xpunofi.
Kporue rofo, 6nnovrnaJrbHarr KpHBafl paclpeAeJreHuff BnoJrHe onpe/le-
Jltercrr cJreAyrounMr{ TpeMrr BeJrHrrHHaMr,r: x, Cov Cr.3rH senHqHHbI Ha3br-
Baror napaMerpaMH Teopernqecxofi xpHnort o6ecne'{eHHocrtr,
flapauerpu x, Co v C" uoxno onpeAeJrr{rb AJrs .nrc6oro rr,rApororur{e=
cKofo pflAa r.r Ha ocHoBaHHV nx nocrpolrrl 6rEuoMr.raJrbnyro KpHByre pacnpe-
ACJICHHfl.
Kax nuAno Hs Bblpa)KeHfiq (107), TorrHoe HHrefpr4poBaHze 6usouua.nn-
Hofi xpunofi Hesoglvrox(Ho. floarorr,ry C. V. Pu6xnn rpot4sBeJr npn6nux<eu-
Hoe HHTerpr4poBaHue erofi xpunofi H cocraBun ra6nurr.rr orKJroHeHrzfi op-
AHHar xpunofi o6ecne.rerrrrocrn or cpeAlrefo 3uatrerun npr4 xoefcfrnqr4eHTe
BapvalJ:z.V C;:l n sasHcI{MocTI4 or xoaSQHqI{eHTa acHMMeTpuu C, u o6e-
cnerreHHocrLr p (crr,r. upu.rrolKeHne l). C nonaourro ra6nnuu C. V. Pu6xnna
opAHHarbl Teoperlrqecxofi xpunofi o6ecneqeHHocrt4 BbrqilcJrflror no 3aBrzcH-
MOCTHi
Kp:QCo+1,
rAe Kr - opAr{Hara xpunofi o6ecneqeuHocrr4 npn saAauuofi o6ecne'reH.
HOCTI,I P;
70
a+d- I -(*"u.
@ - ra6nuqHoe orKJIoHeHI,Ie opAr,rHarbr xpraeofi o6ecneqeHHocrr4 orcpeAHero 3HatreHufl: trpu Co:l H BaAaHHoM C";
_C, - xoessuqueHr Bapr.r a\HH.
3a[aqas,ca pa3rr4rrHbrMn o6ecneqeHHocrflMr,r p (10/0, b, 10, 20, b0H r. A.)' rro BbrpalKeH'ro (108) HaxoArr opA'Harbr xpuiofi'Ko'^ ni uafiaeu-HbrM ToqKaM,crpoflT TeoperHqecKyro Kpr{Byro o6ecneqeHHocrr,r.
flo xpranofi o6ecneqeiuocru MolKFIo ycraFroBnTb, B waxoit Mepe o6ecne-tIeH Heo6xo4umuli AJIfl HCnoJIb3oBaHarr o6be[a cror{a, KaKoBbr ero 11peAeJIb-Itlte (nau1pnsutucH I-taHMet-tsurr.rc) 3rraqerir,rfl, 14,rrLt petrrHTb o6paruyro 3apa-qy: _[o o6ecneqeHHocrH ycraHoB?rrb BeJrHrrurry croKa.
O6ecneqeHllocrblo rHApoJront qecxoli ue.n,u.l,.,r,or [ra3brBaercfl BepoflT_llocTb IIpeBLluCtt4fl paCcMaTpHBaeMoI'o 3llaqellttfl I't4ApoJrorUqeCxOl.i BeJIH-'{rzlb] cpeAH COBOKyTTHOCTH BCeX BOsMON(Frbrx ee sFraqeur4ii,tlac.no.ner ly', B TeqeHHe KoTopblx paccMarpHBaeMoe flBJreHHe (eenzuraHa)rloBTopaercfl B cpeAHeM oAIIH pa3, Ha3brBaercrr rroBTopfleMocrbro fHApoJIO-ruqecKoro flBJreHHn (nenuuuutr).
o6ecne.reHHocrb p kr noBropfleMoc* y'y' cesgaHbr Me)Kny co6oft cJreAyrc-tqur{ o6paaov:
npu p{500/o (4nn unoroeo4Hux ,rer)
^r _ 100- p'
npw p)500/o (Ana rr,ra"rrono4rrux ner)
^r I00rv : i![r]
3naq MoAyJrbHbrfi NoaS$HqHeHr saAaHnofi o6ecneqeHHocru I(, u 3Haqe_
HHe cpeAHefo apraQueruqecroro7 rnn AaHHoro paAa, Moir(Ho onpeAeJrrzrba6co"irmHoe 3HaqeHHe cror{a rpe6yerr,roli o6ecn.u.u,rocrr:
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C"[eAoeare/IbHo, npaKTl4qecKr4 sa/.;aqa ycraHoB/,reHr4fl xo.ne6auufi r.oAonorocroKa cocroHT B onpeAeJIeHHH napaMerpoB TeOperHqecxofi rpnnofi o6ecne-r{eHHocrr4 (*, C".-\C.j) ! B nocrpoeHurr c rroMorrlbro ra6nur( erofi xpunofi.PaccuorpeHHarr 6uuowuanbHafl ac'MMerp r4q'afl ^p'Ban pacnpeAe/re-IIH'I IIAI.IJJIA txHPOKOC IIPAKTHqCCKOC IIPHMCIICIIHC H B TCqCHHC AJIHTCJIbHOTOBpeMeHH flBJIflJIacb [orITI4 eAI4HcrBeHHbrM cnoco6ou pacqera none6agur?croKa (rogonoro, MaKclrMaJrbHoro, MHHr.rMaJrbHoro z ab.).B ro x{e BpeMfl acuMMerpH.rlafl 6rzuorr,lua,nbHafl KpHBafl HMeer pflA cy-IqecrBeHHbIx HeAocrarKoB, K KoropbrM orHocflTcr orpaHuqeHHbrfi riuxndfinpeAeJI Co v HeofpaHllqeHHstfi nepxuufi npeAeJr rpunofi. Llro6ir sHscHgrb3ro roJrolKeHHe, BepHeMcf x 6uuouHa.nluofi xpunofi pacnpeAeJreuan (cu.puc. l9), orr<y4a BHAHo, qro paccrosHue