fl 2. Onpegerreurre HopMbr cror(a
Onpe4e.renno HopMbI eroKa npn HaJHrrHll MHoroJrerHHx nuApoMerpu-
-qecffHx na6nrcAennfi. B eroM cJryqae HopMy croKa onpeAenflrcT KaK cpeAHee
apuQuernqecKoe 3HaqeHr.re roAoBbrx BeJrHrlHH croKa:
)a,
t-\ I
Vo:- n , (97),
rAe Qi = roAoBbre BeflHrrHHbr croKa;
n - qHCJro Ha6,rrroAeuufi.
flo nupax(eHulo (97) rouuoe 3Har{eHHe HopMbr Mox{er 6urr uafiAeso roJrbKo
B cJIyqae, KorAa n crpeMnTcn K 6ecxoneqHocrH; B ocraJrbrrbrx cJryqaflx Lrop-
Ma noflytlaeTcfl c HeKoTopoir oruu6r<ofi.
B coornercrBnu c H3JIox{eHHbrM Bo BTopofi r.nase orHocuTeJrbHar cpeA-
IItr r(BaAparuqecKal ouru6t{a IIopMbt croKa, Br,rqncJleHrrofi no ofpanHqeH-
HOMy prAy 3A n iler, paBHa:
(e8)
OrHocnreJlbHafl cpeAHsr KBaAparurqecKar oruu6xa HopMbI croxa He
AoJrlKHa npeBbruara 5%
Cor.nacso Qopriay.rre (98), rouHocrb onpeAeJreHHfl HopMbr cror{a 3aBHcHT
or H3MeHr{HBocrH roAoBbrx BeJrriquH croKa (C") u AJrHTeJrbHocrr{ nepnoAa
ua6,rlrcAeHufi.
B nu,4y ur.r Kfl H r{ecKo ro xap a KTep a MHoroJrerHH x xo.rre6aHu fi clox a oqeHb
BalKHo npaBHJrbHo nu6parb pacqerurrfi nepuo,u,. Ec.rru Bbrr{HcJIHTb HopMy
croKa roJrbKo uo oAnoli MHoroBoAuofi, unu MaJroBoAHofi Qase qHKJIa BoAHo-
crr.r, To ourn6xa HopMbr rroJryquTcn uau6omureft. ToqHee Mo)KHo BbIr{r4cJIHTb
HopMy KaK cpeAHee apr.rQMeruqecKoe 3a no.nului r.lHKJI, cocrontlluft us MHo-
rosoArlofi H MaJroBo4Hofi ero Qaa, Ha nporflx(eHuu Koropbrx B3aHMHo KoM-
IreHcr.rpynrcfl orKJroHeHHfl croKa or cpeAHefi eernqhnbl. Ecnu nepuoA co-
croHT H3 AByx rroJrHbrx rlHKJroB, oiuu6xa HopMbr yMeHb[rnTct, ecJIH vg
Tpex uHKJroB, ona 6yAer er.qe MeFrbue r.r r. A.; T?K KaK, corJlacuo QopMyae
(98), ouu6xa cpeAHero apr.rQrrleruqecKoro yMeHbuaeTcfl c yBeJIrIqeHIleM
AJrHHbr Pfl,qa.
Taxulr o6pasovr, AJIfl onpeAereHufl HopMbI croKa cJleAyer rtpuHuMarb
IrepHoA, BKJrroqarcu\ufi uau6oJrbrlee qucro 3aKoHqeHHbIx qHKJIos ltofle6aHllg
fOAOBOTO CTOKa, COCTOflIIHX H3 fpyIIII MHOIOBOAHbIX H MaJIOBOAHbIX ,'IeT.
Heno.nsue uHKJrbr (ur'rercutr.re roJrbKo MHoroBoAHyro HJIH MaJIoBoAHyro Qaey)
H3 prrAa HcKJrrcqarcrcn. llpra oqerrb AJrHHrroM nepHoAe sa6nrcAeuuli, 6olee
60 ler, HopMy croKa BbrrrucJrrror c yqeroM Bcero prAa, TaK KaK B gToM cJIy-
rlae or npu6an.neuun HeKoTopofo qHcJIa JIer, He cocraBJlflIollHx noJlHofo
uHKJra, cpe4Hnn apuQrrleruqecKas BeJrr.rrrnHa H3Mellflercfl HeaHaqHTeJIbHo.
I{un.nnuecKHe role6anurr croKa H pacqerHuri nepuoA AJIr onpeAeJIeHHfl
HOpMbr cToKa ycTaHaBrHBar,oT c rroMoulblo pa3HocTHbIX cyMMapHblx KpHBblx
foAoBoro croKa. IJan6onee y.uo6uo crpouTb pa3HocrHbre KpLtBbte B orHocu-
reJrbHbrx BeJrHrrHHax - B MoAyJrbHbrx xoa{xpu[rleHTax K: # . Ans no-
v0
60
Eoo, o,uu:#looo/o'
Puc, 16. PasHocrHas cyrvrrlrapHar r{prrBae roAoBoro cloKa p. Oxll
y n. Opra 3a nepnoA 188l-1952 rr.
crpoeri n fl raxofi xp u nori nocreAoBarerb Ho cyMMr4 p yror orKJro HeH H r MoAyJrb-
utrx xoaQQr,rqHenroB or cpeAHero (, paBHoro eAHlruue, To ecrb ycraHaBJru-
Balor 3aBucHMocrb > (( - 1):f (T). I-lprarraep raxofi rpunoli npHBeAeH
Ha pacyHxe 16. PasHocrHafl cyMMapHar Kpr4Bafl, HMeer cJreAyloulee csoir-
crBo: oTKJroHeHr{e cpeAFlefo 3HaqeHHg BeJII4rIuuu ( B AaHHoM cfiyr{ae MoAyJIb-
Horo KogQQnuueHra) aa r<at<ofi-lu6o rzHrepBaJr BpeMeHH or cpeAHero ero
3rraqeHufl 3a Becb nepnoA rra6"nrcAeuwfi xapat(Tepz3yercfl TaHreHcoM yrJra
HaKJroHa K ropH30HTy npflMofi, coe4zusroureli TorrKH HaqaJra H KoHua HH-
TepBaJra.
K.n- I (ee)
l* vt lr- xoHeqHafl v HaqailbHaq opAr4Harbt cyMMapHofi r<pusofi Ars
paccMaTpHBaeMofo oTp$l{a BpeMeHH;
N- qVCJIO JICT B HCM.
[Ieprao,l BpeMeHH, Atrrr Koroporo yqacroK HllTerpaJrnnofi xpneoli HMeer
Ilat(Jrorr BBepx ornocr,rreJlbuo ropr.r30nra,uuuoit JIunr'n{ n norox(HTeJIbrroe
3HaqeHr4e BeJruqr4Hbr (,K.p-l), coornercrByer MHoroBoAIrofi Saae rrHr{Jra Ko-
.ne6anufi crol(a\ a nepuoA, AJrf Koroporo yqacroK xpranori HaKJroHeFr BHH3
u rirvreeT oTpr4rlaTeJrbr-roe 3HaqeHHe (K.o-l), coorneTcTByeT r'ranoeoAHofi
Qase. flo.nrayncb aTr4M, JrerKo BbrAeJrr,rrb rro paeHocruofi xpvt eofi Har{aJro
H KOHeU Ka)KAO|O rIr4KJIa r4 yCTaHOBHTb npOAOJI)KHTeJTbHOCTb paCqeTHOfO
neprroAa, no r{oTopoMy cJreAyeT onpeAeJlflrb HopMy croKa.
:l*- lu
nt
6l