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pesyJIbTaTbI HenocpeAcTBeHHbtx H3MepeHHft cTOKa 3a AJrHTenrHlrrl repHoA
H ocHoBblBaflcb Ha 3aKoHoMepHocrflx flBJreHuft crora, c Aocraroquofi cre-
neHblo Bepofl THoCTLI MoX(HO noIyrrurn HeO6XOAHMbre Xap a KTep ktcTnKV olKH -
AaeMoro croKa. OAnaro B npaKTHKe TaKHMH AaHHbrMr4 pacnoJrafaror He
BCefAa, noSToMy IIpHXOAI'ITCfl COCTaB"[fiTb CTOKOBbTe XapaKTepHCTLTKH |pt4
He3HaqHTeJIbHoM KO,i'II4qecTBe HenocpeAcTBeHHbIX Ha6.nrcAeuufi LIJ|H I.alKe
npu noJIHoM Hx orcyrcrBI4n. B rantrx cryrrarx no/rb3yrorcfl pa3Jl4qHbrMH
KocBeHHbIMI,I MeroAaMI,I pacqera croKa (rraero4 ra,qpoJrorvqecxori a*ailortLr,
gMnHpHqecKI{e Sopruynu, MeroAbr MareMara.recxofi crarucrzxu).
Mareuarnqec Kafl cr arncrktKa - aro HayK a, 3atzwaroulafl cff HgyqeHHeM
saKoHoMepHocrer? MaccoBbrx nsnetuia. flpuerr,ru MareMaruqecxoli craru-
:THKW, ocHoBaHHbIe Ha reopua BepoflTHoctelr, HMeror or{eHb [rr.rpoKoe npz-
MeHeHI,re He TOJTbKO B rr4ApOJrOrr4r4, HO r{ B pflAe ApyfHX AHCTIUIJTHH.
$ l. Crarucrrqecftr{e xapanTepr{crrrnrr pflAa
Co6urue, Koropoe npu HaJrr.rrrl4z coorBercrByroqero KoMn/teKca ycJro-
etafi Moxer Hacrynr4Tb, a Mo>Ker H He HacrynllTb, Ha3brBaercfl cfiyqafiHrtvt
CO6bITHCM.
C.nyuafiHue co6ltrur noflBJlflIorcfl noA BJr4flHHeM 6o.trruoro KoJrr,rqecr-
Ba B3auMo4eficrnyrcqux n_pHrrHH, npou3Becrr{ aHaJrH3 Koropbrx He npel-
cTaBJlfferctr Bo3MolKHbIM. Cne4yer pa3ilHqaru cnyualisrre cO6urr4fl v cay-
qar?Hsre BeJrr.rrrnHbr. Hanpuuep, noflBJreHue B peKe nax<4nfi roA oAHoro
uaz6onlurero pacxoAa BoAbr B rrepuoA BeceHHero noJroBoAbfl He flBJrrercff
cnyuafinrtu. Ho ra H[rr4 HHatr BeJrr-{qrrHa gToro pacxoAa, Koropaf sa6nro-
Aaercfl B Kax(AoM orAeJrbHoM roAy, orHocuTcff K,KaTeropHH cflyqafiHux
BCJIHTII,IH.
Cono xynuocrb cnyva rluux BeJr HqH H H a3brBaercfl cTarHcrHr{ecKHM p rAoM.
CrarucrnqecKnft p rA xapa KTep l{syer H3MeHeHHe cryq afiuoft BeJrHrl4 Hbr Bo
BpeMeHH. fn4ponornqecKl4e pflAbI s donnuefi qacru MolKHo crrnTaTb cra-
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Aylorql4e BeJIHqHHbI:
1) cpe4nnn apu$l,rernr{ecKas nenvnuwa f;
2) xosSSHIIHeHr napuarluvt Co u
3) rosSSHrrHeHr acnMMerpuu Cr.
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ero xapaKrepilctlKn. llpe4noflo)r(HM, ecrb AaHHbre no cpeAHeroAoBbrM pac-
xoAaM BoAbr y oilpeAe,'reHHoro crBopa peKr{ 3a nepHoA n iler. O6osuaqarvr
pacxoA 3a Kalr{Abrfi ro4 qepe3 xrxz. .xn. flepnan xapaKTepLrcTHKa gToro
Psa,a - cpeAHrn apuQrrrerl4qecKafl BeJrurrr.rHa:
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H cpeAHee orKJroHeHue Ax:0
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quc/to q/IeHoB ps4a 14 H3 ororo Bbrpax{eHtfl H3Bler{eM KBaAparHuft KopeHb.
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apra$rvreruqecKoe 3HaqeHr{e AaHHoro pflAa.
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csoricrna: 1) cyvrua r{JreHoB
6eepaaruepHoro ps1a paBHa rlacry rrrreHoB ps1a (\Ki:n); 2) cpe4Hee apr.tQ-
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