KarrecrBa BbrrroJrHeHHf crpoHTeJrbHbrx pa6or. Ann uryxHx 6eroHgux
IiJIoTHH cyMMapHuft pacxoA QrrrlrparIHH qepe3 HanopHyro rpaHb co-
craBJlflercfl H3 pacxoAa qepes reMneparypHbre H 4eQoprr,raunosHbre
lrrBbr, a raxrxe qepe3 6eroHuyro KrraAr(y (p"c. 16.8)
cocrosnae MoAeJrHpyeuoir f3c rorAa 6y.u,et oIIHcbIBaTbcfi cJIeAy-
IOIIIHM H OTHOU]CHH fl MH :
/l,, cQ"o X zu.a X zn.aXffrec X s4.
M,zc Qnp Xz".o X z,.6XQ'.0 X Q,
( i6.2)
( 16.3)
( 16.4)
On"tbrpauHfl qepe3 ocHoBaHae nnorr,IHbr 3aBHcHT ol'
Kar{ecrBa fpyHra ocHoBaHHa n sQSeKTHBH.ocrH rrpornno$,unnrparluoH.
HbIX MepOnpHflTHVr. rIpH HarHqHH ApeHaxHoH cHcTeMbr pacxoA
rhunr-,|"n qrrr]u uAno? n^Irr]Et trJuo n r^TrruLr n nnanorcor^d rn n4^v^n'\r.r{^u^ rvyvu vv^rvuqrrrrv llrlvlrll^Dt vrruvALdI4LlL.a ll\J ya.L^.\JAy I,
ApeHax{Hbrx KoJrJIeKTopax, npHrreM sarn6onlruuft pacxoA o6rtquo Ha-
6"rrcAaercs B Ko,'r,'reKTopax ApeHax(a ttepBoro prila (npn MHoropfiA-
Hofi ApeHax<uofi cHcreue). Qnnlrpaqrrfl qepe3 ocHoBaHHe [JrorHHbr
SaBHCHT H. OT peX{HMa Cpa6OrXn-Hano,THeHHf BOAOXpaHTTJTHU{a, KaK
BUAHo ris prlc. 16.8.
ocHoeHuvra KoHrpoJrHpyeMbrMin rrapaMerpaMH noAilopHbrx coopy-
xiettttt?, TaKI{t{ o6pasolr, flB.IIflrorcfl orHoctrreJbHbie rrepeMeiqeHufl HX
3"iIe.YeHToB, pacxoA n SltanrpauHoHllbrx KorJreKTopax, nbe3oMerpnqec-
Koe AaBJreH[e, a TaK]r(e pexHnHlrfi riapaMerp - ypoBeHb BoAbr R
BepxHeM 6ne$e.
BoAono.qBo4ffqne H BoAoorBoArtqne coopylKeHafi xapaKrepH3yror-
cfl TeM, qro B HHX nporexaror Hau6onee cJro){rHbre f,HApoMexaHnqecKne
fipoqeccbl. B 3ToM CMblCJre OHH TeCHO CBffSaHbr C . npOTOrrHOri qacrnK]
ryp6Huu, orHeceHHofi x craHr{HoHrrofi qacrra fOV.
Hau6oree cylqecrBeHuble r,Jrr sKcrrJryarailuH rr{ApoMexaHHrrecKHe
npoueccbr Bo3HHKaror B MoMeHTbr H3MeHeHHfi pelr(HMa pa6oru afpe-
raroB H Ha3brBarorcrr ilepexoAHbrMH, T. e. [poqeccaMH nepexoAa H3
oAHOfO COCTOffHHfl B AplrrOe. l'1s BCex nepexoAHbrx npoqeccoB K HaH-
6o.{ee rffx(eJrbiM nocxeAcrBurM rrpHBoAHT r HA p a BJr Hq ecxn ft
yAap.
, 16.1. PEH{H}{HHE noKA3ATEJIH r3C, HACHAAOE r3C
H TH.qpoSHEPTETHqECKHX HOA{nnEffCOB
Onncaune 3JreMeHroe f3C,.rpHBeAennue n $ 16.2-16.3, yx(e no-
3BoJrser cQopvurpoBarb HeKoropoe npeAcraBJreHHe o6 o6texre yirpaB-
.rlelrHfl' Ho Jrarrrb B BHAe uoAener?, orpax(aiou{Hx BHyrpeHHroro
crpyKTypy naccHeHofi cucreMbr f3C. Cne4yrculnu orarroN{ Mo-
AenHpoBaHHr flBJrflercr onncaHHe naccHsHofi cHcreMbr f.3C B
r{ e n o M. flpu 3roM fOC Bo BHerrrsefi cacreMe (33C H.na BXC) aon-
x(Ha npeAcr?Br'rflTbcfi JrHrrrb cnoerl $yuruuoHarouofi qacTbro, T. e. 3.rre-
MeHTaMH, .KOTOpbre HenOCpeACTBeHHO yqaCTBylOT B AeflTeJIbHOCtH
eHeruHefi cncreMbl. Ans BbrAeJreHHfl arl{x 3JreMeHToB cJleAyer nocrpo-
Hrb MoAe.nn TII Qyur<qHosallHofi qacru fOC, Enrr pecypcHo-npo-
AyKrHyro MoAeJrb.
C roqxs 3peHufl HcnoJrbsoBaHlrfl f3C e 33C H BXC ilpoAyKroilr
6yler [poH3BoAHMaff gJrexTpnqecKafl Morrlnocrb ly'o" HnH pacxoA
BoAbr B HN>r<nHil 6se$ Q*.0. Pecypcou Tll f3y, ecrecrBerrHo, flBJrrr-
ercfi rrpHToK BoAbr Qno, aKXyMyJrupyevrsrir B BoAoxpaHHJrHu{e. TorAa
onHcbrBaeivrafl f3y 6yaer oruocHrbcrr K r(Jraccy f3C.
308
T. e.
t
!it
r-i
I
i
J'i
I
I : {tno, 0)6q, 0)f r tony},
rAe o)np - HeoiIpeAeJIeHHafi COCraeJrfircxlafl npHToKa BOAbI; (,)64-co-
cTaBJIflIOUIafl [OTepb BoAbI npH ee a'KKyMyJISUHH 14 HCnOJIb3OBaH&IH;
of - cocraBJlflroil{afl reMnepaTyphl orpyxaroulefi cpeAbl; o)nv - IIpO-
qHe Hey'qTeHHL'Ie COCTaBJIfliOIqHe'
3leco ueO6xoAnuo o6parHTb BHHMaHHe Ha ro o6cros'renbcTBo, hTo
eCTecrBeHHo, rpe6yer nptMeHenl{fl Apyroro r3blKa MoAennpoBallt
flpuueHrx iraHHufi nolxon K oII{'lcaHHIo KacKaAa II3 AByI^ f.3C
Ha oAHoM BoAoToKe, MbI cTanKnBaeMcfl c TeM' qTo lvloAeJlli (16'2) H
QcQs.ot,r-rlX Qnp;i (16'5)
2c.z*.61;-gXz..ar. (16.6)
TorAa MoAenH (16.2) H (16.3) Arlfl pacch{arpgBaeMoro KacKaAa
fAC npuMyr BHA
-Mrr cQnp(i-r)X za-6(i*t)Xzn.aiX i/o".X QXZ;
MrzcQnp(i-r ) Xze.o(,-t)Xe".oiX Q,r.oiX QXZ'
rAe iV*r.C/V rOC tt_uXl/I-OCI -'MoIIlHocTb KacKaAa.
3Aecu Hyx(Ho noAqepKnyrb Bax(Hyro oco6euHocrb'olrnca:Hwfl' Kac-
KaAa f3C:-e He3aBHcHMocrH or cTpyKrypbl H rlHcra cryneneii rac-
KaAa ortroueitHfl (16.5) H (16.6) npeAcraBrIfCIr co6ofi 6NuapHue
( 16.7)
(16 3)i
I