tlacrr 3
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rTABA 15
. nPHHqHnbl ynPABtlEHHfl
rHgP OSttEPf ETHqECKHMH yCTAHOBKAMH
B 9NEKTPO3HEPTETHqECKON >1
EOg oxo3fl 14 crBE HH Oil CHCTEMAX
r5.{. oElqHE nono}KEHHf,
S.nexrpo3Heprernuaa*u" H BoAoxoggftctneuHafl cHcreNlbI, B cocraBe
Koropbrx pa6oraror f3y pa3rnqnoro Ha3uaqernfl, npeAcraBJlffIor co-
6ofi 6onbilIHe HepapxHqecKHe cHcreMbI. floerouy y^npaB'
JreHHe HMFr crpoxTcfl Ha ocHoBe npHHr1HIIoB, H3JIo)KeHHbIx B rl. 6 AaH-
'soir KHlrrtr. Iip* 3ToM Hyx(Ho fioAqepKlryrb'To o6ctosreJlbcrBo, qro
B HaCTOflIIIee BpeMn eilIe He BCe TeOpeTHrIeCKHe nOnoX(eHHff, H3JIOXCH-
Hbre B rJr. 6, peairH3oBaHbr Ha npaKTHKe. OAnaxo caMH 3TH lioJlox(e-
HHff cooptrynHpoBaHbr Ha ocHoBe cHcTeMHoro aHaJIH3a 3aAaq, crofl-
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nnHe. Hlrenuo arHM o6croqrenbcrBoM o_6yc.non,reuo BHHMaHH€ K Bon-
rrpocaM KoHrpOJIt{ H oxpaHbl npHpoAHofi CpenU, Bo3HHKaIOU{TrM n'pu
peanr{3ar{Hn sTHX rrpoeKToB. B.[HqHHe )I(e gHepreTHrlecKofi H BoAoxo-
. ssficrseHsofi cHcTeM Ha npoH3BoAcTBeHHyIo cHcTeMy onpeAenfieT crpa'
TerHlo HX onepex{arcqefo pa3BHTHrr no oTHOIIIeHHI"O I( ApyrHM .oTpac-
JrrrM xo3ffftctseHHoft AesrelbHQcrH.
funpoaueprernrrecKr{e ycraHoBKH KaK pa3 ToT BUA Tex}IHqecKHx
ycrporicrB' Koropufi s paauofi Mepe BKrroqaercfi tt B SHeprerHqecKylo,
n B BoAoxo3ffiicreeHHyro cHcreMbr. floarouy paccMorpeHHe BotlpocoB
HcnoJrb3oBaHI{fl f3V sHe HX cBfl3u c o6enun 6o;tturultl't cHcreMaMH
(33C n BXC) He npeAcraBrrflercrr Bo3MolKHbIM, 3ro B cBoto oqepeAb
rpe6yer cHcreMHono [oAXoAa K onpeAexeHHro napaMerpoB I'I pex(ll-
280
Moe f3V Ha ocHoBe o6qereoperuqecKllx Konllenuul't 6onlursx Hepap-
X[IqCCKHX CHCTCM.
Heo6xOlHMocTb HcnoJIb3oBaHHf a1lilapaTa TeopI{H 6o'nlurnX llepap-
yKa3brBaeT Ha Heo6xoAltMocTb cHCTeMHoTO tIoAXoAa K peIIIeHI'Irc cyry-
bo ilpaKrnqecKnx 3aAaq. Muorne ,u,eficrnyrcune B HacrosilI.:,-:!::Y:
;;.;;;; ; ;p;;tr*no rrocrpoeunn 3Hepreinqecxoft n noagxosqftctneH'
uoft cxcreM JIIIIIIb Tenepb [oryr{aror cBoe reoperal{ecKoe o6ocHosaHne'
llOarot,ry oIIbIT, HaxOnleuustfi B npoqecce pa3BHTlIfl CHCTeM 3Hepre-
THKH H BOAHOTO XO3qfiCrna, AOJIIKeH HaKaIJIHBaTbC-fi H OCMbICJIHBaTb-
Cf, TaK KaK 6eS 3TorO HeBo3MOIKHO npaBHJIbHO oqeHI{BaTb IIyTH
y[paBJIfleMofo pa3BHTHtl 3THX CHCTeM-- 'OlHaxo 
uaxon,reguuir onbrr HlIegr KaK noJloiliHTeJIbHyto, TaI{ ll
orpHI{areitbHyFo cTop6Hy. OrptlqareJlbHoe ero soeAeftCreue Ha pa3'
BHrHe cKa3blBaercn B 
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TbrX CXeM, TpyAHO npucflOca6lHeaertlrtx K AeflTeIbHocTH >KHROTO Op'
raHHsMa npOH3BOAcTBeHHOiI CHcTeMtiI, KOTOpble cO BpeMeHeM HaqI{Ha-
ror 6urn topuosou ee pa3BHrHq. fIOeToMy lro6ofi onbtr 1OAJIeIKI{T He
npOCTO OcMttcJIeHHfo, a OCMbIcJIeHHIO KpHTH-qeoKOMy,- tpe61'et cOOT'
BercrBytoqero reoperHqecKofo o6o6ufeHilq. TarHr'l o6pasolt Soplltt-
pyercf Hepa3pbtBHal cBR3b reopnu H npal(rHKI'I, o6beKTH::I9 cyrlecr-
By1oqarl B cpele O6lexroe H 3HepreTHKH, H BOAHOTO XO3gticTBa'- 
Onnr sx-n,ryaraql{H sHepferllqecKHX cHcreM HarJI'flAHo noxa3bl'
BaeT npo.r,yKTIIBHocTb HCrIOIb3OBaHHfl. IIO[IflTHff HepapxLlqHocTlI cHc-
reu. flpuqHHa 3Toro 3aKnloqaeTcq B ToM, t{To AaHHOe noHflTHe oTpa-
x(aeT o6texrlreHo cyulecTByrou{ee cnoficreo HepapxHqHOcTH tlocTpoe'
HHfl qHepfocucreM. floHqrue HepapxnqHocrl{ rrlHpoKo npHMeHfeTCfl
npn AncnerqepcKoM y[PaBneHaH 3Hepl'ocHcreMa]tH- Tax, 4ttcnerudp-
cKoe ynpaBrreHHe ocyilIecrB.rrf ercfi B npHHffrOJ:r_ q pr3ff 3 a I{ H o rl-
n o fi ir 6 p a p x I-I H reppuropnarlbHoro runa: E3C CCCP - o6leAH-
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rlHH, nOAcTaHUHH H 3XeKTpOceTeBble _ paftOHbI - arperaTbl 3JIeKTpO-.
craHqnir H annaparypa no1crairr{Hft. OpraHnsaqHoHHafl Hepapxufl no'
3Boirffer peanu3oBaTb npHHIIHn iln$opuauHossofi paspeullMocru
ynpaBJ'IeHHff H CO3AaeT ycJloBlifi AJIq ocyrl\ecTBneHHfi caMocTofiTeflb-
HbIx Aeflrcreutt t"apt*OLeKToB np6 AqSTHIKeHHH IIMH co6ctseHHofi
qeJrg, KoopAnHupoeaunofi c rno6anluofi ueJlblo cxcreMbl 3HeprerHKH.
llpn oneparHBHoivr ynpaBJreHHH pelr(HMOM 33C, OdecneqHBalouleivr
co6.nrbaegHe 6anaHca reHepaqnn a norpe6JleHur sneKTpnrlecroft MouI'
HocTH B KaXAbtfi MoMeHr BpeMeHH, cyqecTByeT HepapXHn CuTy-
a rI H o H HO f O T'H II a, yCTaHaBII'IBalOu{afl cooTBeTcTBHe MeX(Ay Te-
KyUI,Ht{ cOCTonHHeM o6lerra H anrOpHTMoM y'11paBneHHfl -IlM B pa3'
rHriHbtX cHTyaIIHflX: B HopMarbHoM, yr.nx(enenuoM, asapufiHoM II tto-
cneaBapHfi uot'l pex{HM ax 33C.
O6eoneqentte xOna$oprntlx ycnOBHi{ O[epar]IBHo'ro ynpaBJreH]ltl
cBfl3alro c TaK Ha3blBaeMbIM ropH3oHTOM npeABqAeHHf, K0-
topuri o6ecne,iHBagTcq 3a cLIeT nporHosa KOHeqHoro (ua 3aAauuutii
281
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