Eclu npe,l1s.AO6eraHHfl MeF(Ay crBopaMii nocroffHHo IIJIH HM v{OX(Ho npeue6peul,
To qe,'recoo6pasuo nocrpoprrb 3KBr-{BafieHrHylo xapal(TepHcrl-lKy Bcero KacKaAa I4
noJIb3oBaTbcfl.eIoKaKXa[JaKrepncrnroliAnfloAIIHo,{HoIif3C
fOC xparxocpoqnoro peryJlupoBaHufl. !,ln erux .f3C .e o6qeu crlyqae xapaK-
Tepgbr 3Har{rrrenbr{bre lr3ilreHeHKrr .ypoBneii 6teQoe e T e'{eF{t'ie I cyr (uelenu) ' Eas
HanopHbuvlH, cneAyeT rloJ'rb3oBaTbcfl. TexHOJIOtHqecKllMH Hirll NITHOBeHHbIMH XapaKTe-
p6crlrKaMH o6opyAoeauun, BoAonpoBoAflulHX coopyxeHtiri H yr{ilrHBarb Hecrax{Ho-
Happbre npoqeccbr n 6ner$ax. Anq BbrcoKoHatroptIbIX f3C fl3illeueHliflt',IH Hanopa
B reqeHr{e I cyr (Helelri) Mox<Ho nperlebperarl.
B nepnoAsr naBoAKa ri no"'ioBo.q,tq f3C KparKocPottHoro perynHpoBaHHr Moryr
He yr{acrgoBarb B perf;tHpoBaHHrr Harpy3KH npH pa6ore e 6a:e rpaiptlra HarPy3t(II
c MaKcrilra,'tbHo eo:it,roxiFlorj no Hat-roplr' luou{tlocrbio. Anq grr'(x nepHoAoB Mox(Ho
noJrb3oBarbcs 06r,rqrrtrur.r KprrBbrMH ceqser'r 6oeQoa Aln ycraHoBliBIIIerocq pex(l'lMa.
il,as HecrionbKrrx f3C 6e: rHApaBJ'rHrrecttou cBfl3ti onPeAeneHi{e onr!{vaJ'Ibtloro
KpaTI\OCpOqHOro pei+iHMa aHai-Iorl{qHO petlleHI{l,O 3aAaI{tl Ai'IH cllcTelt C OAUOTl f3C'
Vqer erxx f3C 61'ler npol{3BoAHTbcq e 6ailauce xoqnocreft SHeprocHcreMF,I.
Bo ecex paccMorpeuHb{x ciryqaflx Anfl raxAofi f3C rreeecres o6lelr croKa, npo-
xoAfluero qepe3 AaHHstit creop aa I cyr (ueaenrc).
!,;ts xacxaAuoir cxe\{br f3C xparxocpor{Horo per}'nI{poBa}ltlr cflpaBeAJ]liBtI Te
Xe no,'to)(eHrfl, KoTopHe onl{cagbl Ans fOC, pa6oranutH,x IIO BOAoToKy, T. e' He-
O6XOAHuocTb yqeTa BpeN{eHH T:o6, €CJIH ottO vessUe I cyT (He.te.nu), 3aBIIcItMocrb
Troo or pac.\oAa. O;-(HaKo ecrb rI cBolr oco6eHHocrt{. B qacrsocr[{, pe;+(IiM nprlroq-
HocrH x Q".o(l) Arq Kaii(Aoli f3C,Morlr pe3Ko ornHqarbcR. Bc,reAcreHe sroro Aa)+ie
nptr nocroqHtroit npHroqtlocrH K Bep.\tlefi f3C pe;KHNI Q".0,(l) vo;+(er 6url pe:xo-
nepeMeHHbILl, tiTO Bi'lttflgT Ha pe;+illM BCerO KaCKaAa'
Ecrt{ Tao6:0 H eoAoxpaHn/rHue f3c-l Hart6o'rtruee B KacKaAe, ro 3ra fOC
pa6oraer B nHKe fpaQHKa Hafpy3KH c p$KonepeueuHbIM pe;+(l{MoM pacxoAoB B HIti+(-
nen 6se$e. Hnorga Hr{>KHHe f3C xacraAa H3-3a MeHbuIttx o6beMoB BoAoxpaHHJII{Iua
6yay,r BbtHyxiAeHb{ pa60rarb c Q*."0p"*0. Beponruocrl 3rllx c6pocoe, KotleqHo'
yueHbulaercfl npH rtpot{HX paBHb{x ycnoBIIsx npu flepexoAe or oAuoti f3C x Apyroit
BHH3 nO Terlellllto.
Ec,ru rroo;€0 pasno rrln 6o"lr,ue HecKoJIbKHX cyroK, ro yqer BpeMeHH ao6erallllfl
aJlgffer. Ha pe:*iHNi Bcero xacxaqa. ,[,nq cyToqHblx pacqeroB f3C tanoro KacKaAa
HK pex(Htrrbr- Moi6r{o cq}rrarb He 3aBHctiLIbtMH Apyr or Apyl'a (auaaornvuo 3aAaqe
c HecKoJtbKtIMH rHApo3JleKrPocraHUIIflMtl Ha pa"Hblx BoAorot(ax). flpu ApyrHX 3Ha-
qeHlrrX T106 cIeAyeT ytlHTbIBaTb He TO.'lbKO ma6Mhylo cBfl3b peXHMoB f3C racxala,
HO H TpaficQopuaurrr.o rpaQHxa nonycKoB no AJIHHe peKII'
Ans KparKocpor{Hbtx pe}Kr{}{oB HcnoJrb3oBaHI{e 3KBHBa.neHrsofr xaPaKTep}lcrHKH
KacKaAa seqenecoo6pa3no. flpurovuocrb K crBopy ,aaHHoft l-ir f3C KacKaAa onpe-
AeJIneTcfl Pex(illtoM {I-l)-ft, Tao6I n Qo.npr(f)'
f AC AngTeJrbfloro perynflpoBanxf,. I-lnxn perynnPoBaHHf 3rHx fgc 6oluue,
qeM I cyr (ue4enn), no3roM,J- o6re:rr croKa, npoxo4nlllero 3a KparKocpotlHufi ne'
pHoA r{epes crBop f3C, onpeAe.'Iffercfl 113 pacqeroB ArHrenbHoro PexHMa' ypoBetib
za.6 Ta6rrx BoAoxpaHn.qHul B Teqenne I cy"r (ueaeatt) npaKTHqecKn nocroflllell,
BpeMfl no6erannn TA06 o6HqHo 3rrarrHTenbuo. BcneAcrBHe SToro B pac{erax 'KparKo-
cpoqHb{x Pex(ltiltoB KacKaaa pe}+(H}rIJ orAeJIhl{blx f3C r'roxtto HtlofAa cqHTarb 83aH'
Dloire3aBitcutytr,rN{t{. Aln gr,tcoKoHanopnbtx f3C rrgorAa Mo}r(Ho npeHeOPeqb It3MeIte-
250
HrrfilvrH ypoBHq HHX{Hero 6leQa B KparKocporrHbrx pex(HMax rr.{H yqHTbrBarb ero npH-
6lux<esno no rcpnaori cBr3H HtixHero 6re$a.
xlrMoB 3HeprocHCTeM c,'reAyeT y'{HrHBaTb ycJIoBHfl, npHBeAeHHbre BbIlrle. 3ro rarxe
I'pynna I'3C paenoro BHAa peryJrt{poBaHHr.
poBaHHfl pacnoJroxeHbl Ha pa3Hblx BoAoToKax, To
n3Met{eHI.tfl, oflpeAeJIrreMbte oco6ertrrocrqMH KoHKperHoro KacKaAa.
KacKaA cocrouT H3 AByx f3C: f3C-l c pery,rnpoBaHlieM croKa tt
rynHpoBaHHfi, To Aflr Marbrx 3riaqeHHir Taoo peit(l4rM f3C-2 6y.ler
)*(!rMa I-3C-1. f3C-9 Hp vlrrcrRver B pepti-rltpoBaHilt.t Harpy3I(t{,
Ecnn f3C pa3Horo BHAa pefyirll-
AJ'rf pacqeToB I(paTl(ocpoqIIHx pe-
cJeAyeT BtrecrH
Hanpu,vtep, ecJrH
fOC-2 - 6es pe-
3aBHCerb OT pe-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
i,
I
I
I.lt
I
I
I
III
I
HO Bbrpa6orKa ee
nonHocrbro oflpeAersercfi pexiHMo;rr f3C-l, u 3apauee ee r{€rb3fl yr{ecrb s rpaQuxe
Hafpy3Kfi.
Tpe6oaauuq BXC K cyroririo-Here.lbHolry pe)+irny f3C, Kar( npaBriJro, cBoArrcfl
n ueo6.xoAr{}{ocrH co6"'rrcAeulrrr 3aAaHHoro pexirMa nonycKoB I{nI{ ypoBHeri, xoropute
Hr{of.ta rre coBnaJ,atoT c otrrrrMairbru)i }1 3Hcprerr{qccKrr}r Ircno.lb3oBaHne}{ f3c s 3Hep-
rocncrel{e. B erHx cr}i(tarr\ B03}roiiiHa ri,Tu onr*-!rt3aurrfl gHepfeTttqecKoro ltcnorb-
3OBAH}iq TOJIbKO '{ACTH CTOKA NPII OAHOUEiCBOI{ KPHTCPH}{, IINII BCKTOPHA'I ONTHMH-
3arIHq HCnOJrb3OBaHrrtr BCerO CTOKa.
il,ns f3C, paSorarcullrx lra r:3o"riipoBarrHyro Harpy3xy, ocHoBHEJi!{ KpHrepHeM
OIlTll\{d;'IbllOCTI{ Cnei.VeT CtltlTaTb.\llll{H}'l!'M paCXOna 3HepfOnOTeHqHana.
fA3C xparKocporrHoro perynHpoBaHHfl. Kax npaBH.lo, fA3C HCflor-rb3fror Bbt-
coKrre uanopH, Koropb{e He3Haqrrerbi{o H3i\ienrrForcrr B reqenue I cyr (Henun) }I
A,'1 fl ]{}tx.\aparirepHbl ge6ollurrre o6rerru BoAo.\paHrl;ruu1.3ro no3Bo;-rfl€T }rcnonb3o-
BaTb B pacqeraI. KpaTKocpoqHb{x pe){r{.liloB cTaTHrtecKi.re Kpl(Bhre cBrr3t{ o6reuoe }I
yponHefi 6re$os. 3uepre'ru,recKoc o6op5'Aoeaune H BoAonpoBoArulne coopy)+ieHI{rr
npeACTaBnsIOTCff TeXHOjlotHqeCKIIli{l{ H.'Ilt MfHOBeHHE{MH IapaKTepHCTIIKa}llI.
B pacqerax HacocHb{x pex.[{]v{oB c.reAyer yqr{TuBarb oco6euuocrH ycraHoB,'IeH-
Horo o6opyiloBaHHfl. Tax, 4;rn o6parttuux paAHaJIbHo-oceBbrx arperaroB B HacocI{oM
pe;fiHlre Bo3Mo)+(Ha peanH3ar{}{fl TonbKo AByx suaqeugft Moul}Iocr}r - nonHoro Hnrl
HyneBoro. HesHaqfire.rrbHoe rt3MeHeHHe nolsoir MourHocrrr Bo3$rolxr{o r{3-3a napxa,i-iufi
ypooHefr 6reSoe.
Aan fA3C o6utero BrrAa AononHHTe,'ibHo ueo6xoAuuo yqrrrbrBarb H3MeHeHHe
npHroquocrH H ypoBrieri 6reQa Bo BpelreuH.
fASC AnurerbHoro perynHpoBaHHn n f3C-fA3C. f,.rn raKlrx I-3V e reqeHHe
I cyr (xeae,'ru) Hanopbr Mo){rilo npnnr{MaTb nocrotr}rHbruu. Crox qepe3 IASC o[pe-
Ae.IIfleTCtl Ha ocHOBaHlil{ pacqeToB LJIHT€r'lbHtdx pex(HMOB.
A,'rq HacKaAoB f3C-fA3C cnpaBeAnHBH H3JroxeHHHe BHHe nor'roxeHHfr. Arrfl
f3V cooreercrByrou,rrx rHna H eflAa perynnpoBaHHfl croxa.
llpn,nnaxue gneKrpocraHqHH HMetor [.ranb{e Hanopbr R He3HaqHrelruufi rtHK.T
peryxHpoBatrfl,,(uecxoalxo eacon), B reqeHqe Koroporo cyurecrBeHgo H3Menrnorcfl
KaK Hanopbr, TaK H per+inMbr sreKrpocraHt1nn (ryp6nHHufi u HacocHurl).
Eee cqeunanbubrx MeponpHflTufi olrrodaccefiHoBue fl3C orpaHuqeHHo yqacrByror
B perynHpoBaurru udrpy3Kn sHeprocncreuu, pa6oralor B ocHoBr{olt s 6asucHoM pe-
)KHMe. OcnoaHoir rpHrepuir onrnMa.'rbHocrH - MaKcHMyM nupa6orxx n3C.
B xaqecrse xapaKTepncrHKr( Mops. Hcflonb3yercff MapeorpaMMa, 6acceftna - cra-
ruqecKarr KpHBarr cBfl3H ero o6re:rtoa n yponueit. 3ueprerlrqecxoe o6opyAonarnre
n p eAcTa Bn sercq M rilo Belltrbr Mlt x a p aKreprlcrHKa M rI.
HacocHue craHtlHH o6ur,rtto pa6oram tlo 3aAaHHoruy rpa(tHKy no/larrrr
Ac,lrror co6ori 6a3ncu1'to uarpy3Ky 3rteprocrtcreMbl
r{ onpe-
251