a raKXie xorTocrbre c6poclr BoAbr ilpE 3aAaHHOM rpaQuxe Hafp-v3KH
onpeAeJlfllorcfl roJIbKo pex{HMaMH 6teQoe rr nponycxHoil cnoco6Ho-
crrlro czi\[iX ruApoafperaroe. flpH npflMo],r ryp6riusor,r nnrr o6parFro]r
HacocHoM pex(HMe_ n3_c_ _)rpoBeHb BoAbr e 6accer?He 2626 Bbriile i'poB-
Hn MOpq z* n pacxoA I'3y B ueJIoM He B,'rHfeT Fra y,poBeHb r\{opfl, ofi-
pe4elneulifi MapeorpaNrMor?. Ans o6parHoro ryp6auuoro Hrrn rpr-
MO|O HacocHofo pex(HM? z6ac{z*; pe}r{HM ypoeuefi e 6acceilFre 3a-
BHctrr roJIbKo oT o6'beMa Boltbl B rieM, a He oT Qnec B AaHHbrii vlo-
N,ICTIT BDCMCFII{.
Pai,ter 6anauca pacxodoa oco6euHD c/totceru dnn rcacrcadoe f AC.
Etn n.;rorHHr-rbrx f3C npaKrririecKH Becb Q"o(l) npoxoAHr rrepe3
CrBOp fli-IpOy3fia H nOTepH paCXOAa OIIpeAer'lflOTCfl To"rIbKo He3liepte-
THqeCKHMH KOMnOHeHTaMpi, T. e. Q*.n, Q"o, QO, Qx.c6p, Qr*.. Anq ,Ie-
pHBalIlloHHblx H clleuaHFIbIX f3C HMercT IleCTo -lonor'rHLITe.rrbtrbre no-
TepIl \leCTFrOfO npHTOria Ha yqacTKe oT fo.:roBrrofo y3fla Ao rrlrx(rrefo
6uerf a.
Oco6oe 3rraqeFru{e rJ'rfl KacKaAa f3C npHo6peTaeT Heo6xollr:vrocrb
yr{era BpeMeHH 4o6eraHHR BoJrHbr pacxo.ia iooo Mexily crBopaM}r
cvexirrbrx ftrApo3JTeKTpocTauqHr? ri Anfi Bcefo KacKaAa. Bpevn T4o6
COCTABJIflET HCCKOJ']bKO qACOB AJIq KACKA.(A ACPHBAI{}IOFIFIbIX T3C I.I
HecKorrlbKo cyroK IJIfl KacKaAa n,IOTHHHbIX H OCO6eHHO pjVCJiOBbtX
rH;rpo3reKTpocraFrr{Hr?, coopyx{eFnibrx Ha paBHHHHbrx peKax c MaJbr-
MH rH.r,paBitHqecfitilur ]'KiIoHalrH. 3ro onpeJ,e,'rffeT lreo6xo:ir)rocrb
paspa6ornlr cneqrraJibHEr.\ 1r.{eTof,,oB pacriera 6a.rauca pacxoJ,oB.{,i1fl
KacKafa pa3rrbrx f3C r.'rfl pa3Hbrx no A.trrre.:rbHCCTrr rrHTepBa;loB
B p elr eH tr.
vqer T.u,o6, paBHoro HecKo,'IbKHM ClrTKaM, 6oree Bcefo CKa3brBaeT.
cfr npH KparriocporiHbrx pelxrrMax f3C (cyrxli, nelelr). llpri rae6)
> I cyT MolxI.ro itpnHriMarb, r{To cyToriFrbre pe}fiHltbr f3C Kacr{aAa
83aHMHo HesaBHCHMbr B r.aHHbre cyrKrr. flp" uereJrbHoM per)'JrrHpoBa-
HHH yqeT T.so6(7 cyr o6ssare.rreu. B lJ-rlireJbFrbrx pacqeTax c HHTep-
BaJIaMH, paBHblMI.l AeI(aAe, MeCflUY, T;ro6 MOXiHO tle VqHTEIBaTb npl.I
M&,r-Ibll efo 3Haqei{HEx no cpaEFreHHIo c pacqeTHbtM }IilTepBa.loM Bpe-
I{ e}'It{.
Ec,rn norepr.r pacxoAa yqecrb B npHTorrr{ocr}r, To AJrr
n n,'IorrlrrFrbrx fOC npr{ Tqoo-40 6a.lanc pacxoAoB 6yler
cJle.lyrcU{u,lt o6p a 3oM ;
KacKaIa H3
Bbtf .r'ItiIeTb
flpu tsoo r-0 eltecro (7.18) ro,ryqliM
Q*.0, (/) : Qnpi (/) + Q". (/);
Q".0, (/) : Qn.or (i) *Qo.np, (l)* Q", (l) :
: Qup,(/) + Qo npz (r) + i 0", ,',,
I -r
)
-t
I
t
(7.20)
Qn.a,r(l) : Qn.6,,-r (t - "uxr-,) + Qu.,,0,, (f ) + Q"r, (l).
Hyrurepauun f3C e KacKaAe npHHflTa cBepxy BlrH3 rro reqeHHro
peKir. flpe4no,'raraeTcs, qro 6oxonar npHToqIIocrb nepecqHTarra LJT+
crBopa rruxtrrerli no reqeirHlo n3 AByx cMexiubrx f3C. PacxoA Kaxi-
Aofr f3C onpeAexnercfl no (7.13).
146
tLn
n (i\-n ti'' \r^ "'r ln /l\Vrr 6,r (I/ : V',pr {,ri -i A Vo ',p I (,1 | LJ yst \!,/.
l-, | -l
I'1s (7.19) n (7 .20) BriAruo, t{ro B I(acKar,e per{iH}{ rrrrx(Freri f 3C
cBfl3air, a rriiorla tr Bo Irrrorolr oilpeleJfleTCs pe;rirrlrolr eep.rireii no
TetleHr.rrc f lrf Po3;'te KTpocTaHqtilr. Pacqer 6a,ra Hca pacxotroB KacKa.la
npH 3araHrroIl pex{Hlvle BoAoroKa H Q"r (/) ueodxoAuvo BecrH cBepxy
BHH3 rro KacKaAy, a pacqer ypoeHerl (Hanopoe) crrHsy BBepx, Pac-
qeT co-\rKlryToro KacKara fl"jroTliHiibrx f3C c vqeTovr 6a.ralrca tvrou{-
I'locrefi B Ilerl B03Moxieri;'rH[uL, rirepaqnoHtrbr]r nyre]{. PaeolrKFryrbre
KacKal.bt .rto6t tx f3C Mox(Ho paccqHTbrBarb s ,rrc6oii noc.reroBa-
Tp'rhllr\'^Trf
Pacqer 6a,ralrca pacxoloB B KacKa-1e npii t:oo*0 c.irefl,eT npo-
!13Bof lirb c vqeTolt c!.Brtra Q,.,.o r(l) Bo BpeMeiiI{. Tax, A"rrr{ carrofi- Bepxneii f3C rreo6xoAlrlro HI{eTb ;iarttrbre o pe;r(H}tax, npeJ.ruecrB.v-
loullx vo)ieurv BpelteHrr t, carrori trr{x(rrefr f3C KacriaAa - Ha Mo-
Mer{T l- X raod r, A.rrfl eropoir f3C - Ha MoMeHT l- X rao6 t ri r. r.
!:l [:,
Ao (/- I ) -ir f 3C Ha rv{olrerrr BpeureuH f-r,coo n-r. Ecrecreeriuo. qro
3To 3HaqlITe"IIbHo )'C.,'IoxtFlfleT pacqeTbt 6anaHca pacxoAoB KaCKala.
CxasarrHoe cnpaBeAJ'rlrBo ri r.rrff ryp6uuiroro pex*rr{a KacKara
rA3C.
f,rn KacKaila ttacocllblx crllHtlglll 6es Bo,to.\pariH"iulula pacxo/lbr
BceX CTaltUxit paBttbl MexiAy co6Oir I{ oflpe;ie.:rflrgTcff flOAaqeil caiwoir
ttsxtte[r vcraHoBK[i. Ecnu Mex{Ay crarrr{HrrMtr HMeeTcfl iiaKorl-JrH60
aKK)'I.tyJHpf iou{uir 6accelirt HJH KaHaJr, T. e. }rHepqt{o}riioe 3Belro, To
e 6a"ratlce pacxoAoB TaKoro KacKaAa cJIeAyeT vqr{TbrBaTb rra.rrHr{r{e
Taoo nPH yCJIOBHH ero COflOCTaBI{MOCTH C paCqeTIIblM HtiTepBaflOi!.1.
flpuvelr Hylrepaqrrro FracocHor"r craHrlr.rr{ cHH3}' BBepx, TorAa' 6arrauc
paCxo.{a KaCKa.la MoX(FIo npe.qcraBHTb B CJreAyioUIeM BHAe. llyCrn
3aAaua noAaqa nepnorl HacocFrorl crar.rrlnH, r. e. Qrrcr (/). C"rrel-oea-
TCTbHO.
Qug (l) : Qrrcr (l - "^*..) * Q", (l):
QH6 (f) : Qr '.r (l - .oo;.) * Q,, (/);
(7.2r)
t47
i",'r'
!,,
Q*.u' (l) : Q*., (l) + Q", (f);
Q".u, (f) : Q". ar(t - r,roor) * Qu nu, (l) * Qr' (/); (7. r 9,1
l0n
Quc* (/) : Qrrcu-r (l - "oon,,) + Qor-, (l).