fAe l, b, h.- cooTBeTCTBeHHo AJIHHa, iuHpfiHa H Bblcora
3a (ao oruerr<n FItiV); tE- flepHoA HaBHral{rrlr; n-
eaHnit ga inepHoA HaBHrat{HH.
rT A B A 4
KOh{NNEF{CI.ICIE HCNO'Ib3OBAI{K{E },{ EXPAHA
EO.qHbtx PECvPeOg
4.1. O6U{}1E nOJIOH(EHHS
KaMepbr rrlJrro-
rIucJIo u.,'Ito30-
flpaxruuecxa sce o6reKTbr n"TaHHpoBaHHfl. H ylipaBJIeHHfl flBJlfltor-
cr crrcreMaMr.r (clr. r;1.6). He ssrqercq ncn,rtoqeHaeM H BoAuoe
xossircreo.
B uacrosuree BpeMfl HMeercq 6onee 100 onpeAe"reHnfi noHqrHfl cH-
creMbr. OAuaro BCe oHH TaK HJrli HHaqe npeArro.rlaralor HaJIHqHe e Heli
HeKoroporo i{eJIocrHoro M rt ox{ecrBa 3JIeMeHToB (o6t-
e K T o B), cBfl3aHr-rhlx Mex(Ay co6oii B3aHMHbIMH orHotiieHHflMH, on-
peAenfleMbrMH xapaKTepoM coorBeTCTByIoIIIHx cesser:t (e roM .IHC.,'I€
qacro c BHe[IHeir cpelofi) H I{eJIbto QyuxuaoFrHpoBartHs. Taxoro poAa
cHCTeMbI [pHHflTo Ha3btBarb rcu6 ep H eTI't q ecKH M H.
B rJr. 6 onpege.rreHHe cHcreMbr H ee no.l,p06Hoe onHcaFIHe AaeTcfl
c rro3HI{HH npHHrrrlfl peueuni? B npouecce onrnMaJlbHoro ynpaB-
JIeHHfl ee QyHruHoHHpoBaHHeM. 3lecl rxe Mbt [oAqepKHeM JIHiub, rtro
BcsKyro cHcreMy Mox(Ho xapaKTepH3oBaTb oilpeAeJIeHHbiMH napaMeT-
paMfi, orpax{arcurHMH.nn6o ee cBotl'crBa, nu6o cocroflHHe, JIH-
6o ro H Apyfoe BMecre B3rrroe. Ceodcroa cucreltLbL o6otqHo otleHusq-
rcr na6opoil onpelettettnoLx tduc/LolbLx noKasarenert, orp_oJffa,nLqux ee
tcortuqecTseHHarc unu KaqecTseHHarc xapoKTepucTutcgt. cocronnue cu-
cre*rbr. onpedettnercn rcatu*tu-nu6o us.,flepn*ublttu ee rcoopduvaralttu,
ns,xnrcu+ulrucfl. Qgrurcquefi ape.uenu. :
B rracrnoM cJryqae, ecJIH cocrofiHHe cHCTee{bI He H3MeHffercff (He
passnnaercn) Bo BpeMeHH, TaKyro cHcreMy Ha3btBalor crarHqe-
cKoIt, B npoTHBHoM cnyqae-A H H a M H II e c roft.' Ecan cgoricrea HJrpr cocroflHne cHcreMbr H3MeHsrorcfi no BnoJIHe
orrpeAeJIeH'HhIM 3aKoIIaM, TO TaKaff CHCTeMa Ha3bIBaeTCfi'AeTeP M H-
HHpoBausori. 3anouu ABHX(er-rHs- (pasnarnn) TaKHX ct{creM rol{-
HO H3BeCTHbr, r{ 6ynyUree rroBeAer{He HX MoiKHo BcerAa oAHo3HaI{Ho
npeAcKa3arb. HanporuB, ecJrn ceorlcrea HJIH cocroflHl{e cucreMbt co-
AepifiaT sJIeMeHTtr clyvafiHocrH, To raKafi cHcreMa Ha3bIBaeTCs B e-
p osrHocrnoft (crox a crH rI ecKofi). Etts taxoft cucreMbl roq-
Hoe npeAcxasaHHe 6yayurero noBeAeFrnrr HeBo3Mox(Ho. B KaqecrBe
MaTeMaTHqecKoro onHCaHHfl TaKIiX cHcTeM HapflAy c TeoPHeii MHo-
x(ecrB HcnoJrb3yroT TeopHro BepoflTHocTefi H LfeTo.u,bl MaTeMartlqecxorl
craTHcrHKH. flaparuerpu cHcreMbI tlpH eroM Mol'yT 6utu o[HCaHbI
rlnn $yrrKunrrMH pacnpeAeJreH[ifi BepoffTHocrefi HX nofiBJIeHHfl, HIIH B
npocrefirueM cryqae c yKa3aHHeM BogMoxuoro AHaIIa3ot{a H3MeHel'lHfl
IIap aMerpoB.
68
' Cucreura cqHTaercrr 6onlurofi (cnoxuoft), ecJIH oHa coAepxHT
6o.rynuroe qHc.ryo pa3uopoAr.rbrx BsaHvrocBffgaHHbIx H 83a i'tMoAef,rcreyro-
u{Hx Me)'riAy co6ol'i 3JrevreHToB, o6reAlrHeHHbtx IIo riepapxHi{ecKoMy
ttpHHuHily B cHCTeMy AJirr AocrH]KeFIHfl eAIiHoit qenu, I(oropbIe, B cBolo
oqepeAb, MolKrro paccMarpuearl KaK noAcHCTeMbI HJIH cl,IcTeulr 6o.ryee
HH3r(OfO ypOBr-rfl HepapxHH.
A,tiq 6 o n b ru H x c H cr e rv{ xapaKTepno MHox{ecrBo cocroRntft,
Kax{!,oe H3 r(oTopbrx onpeAeJrfleTCfl r{oFrKpeTHbIMH tloKa3aTeJIflMH ee
QynxunoHHpoBaHHr.-B bIXoA H bI M !I n a p aM eTp a Iu H. klslteHe-
nae cocroflHHfl cHCTeMbr BreqeT 3a co6ofi H3MeHeHHe pe3y;lbraroB ee
Q)'nxuiloHHpoBaHHfl. )(enaeurtfr pe3yrlbrar QyrtxuuonHpoBaHHfl cH-
creMbr 6ylerur lrasbiBaTb iIeJIbto 'cHCTeMbI, a Qynxuuto, ofipeAe-
,'Ifroulylo r{3MeLreHHe KoFreqriofo cocrot{HHfl ee, - I{ e,r'I e e o ii Q y H r-
rl ri e rt clrcTeMbr. I-le;reaax Qytrruux, TaKriM o6pasolr, rro3BoJIfleT Ko-
.{r{qecrBerrHo cpaBFIHTb no"'r}'qaeMbte pe3v"lbrarbi QyrirulroHIipoBaHHfl
CHCTEMbI.
4.2. BOAOXO3flNCTBEHHAf; CHCTEMA
H HOMNflEKCHOE HCNOflb3CBAHHE
BO.qHblx pEcyPcoB
Crattosr'reHHe BoAoxo3rircrneHr-rbIX cHcreM HMeeT cBoro HcropHlo.
Erqe IIe TaK iaBHo Bolnbre pecypcbr MHor!{x paitouoe crpaHbr npeBbr-
ua"r'ni BoAorrorpe6"nerrue. Kaxlsrir eoAonorpe6Hre.,'rb, KalKAafi oTpacJrb
Bo;lliofo xossficrea pa3BrrBarHCb npH 3Tor{ caMocroflTerbHo H He3a-
BricHMo Apyr 61 Apyra, noAquHsflcb JrHmb rpe6oBairnfM coorBeTcrBy-
rouIHX oTp a c,reir H ap oAHoro xoss fi crBa ( ruepoa H eprerHr{a - 3rr ep reTH-
Ke, opoixeHHe - ceJrbu(oMy xosnficrey H r. A.) . OrcyrcrBoBaJrr.i Bcfl- .
KHe cBfl3u MexiAy HH*IH. CooreercrBeHHo 3ToMy ocyqecrBJiffJrocb H
frrpzB.[eHHe oTp acJIff,M 1-i .sg{Horo xosqft crea "
flo Mepe pa3BHTHfl npoH3BoAHreJrbHbIX cr-rJl o6u{ecrea r{ 6ypHoro
pocra BoAoriorpe6,reuuq, npHBeArrrHX B pffAe KpynHbrx perHoHoB crpa-
flbl x ofipe{e.,'l€usoft Hanpnx{eHHocrH BoAoxo3flficreeHHoro 6alaHca,
3To IIoJIolKeHHe craJro ece 6o,ree u 6o.nee nporHBoperrHTb 3aAaqaM
pasBltrHtt tlapoAuoro xoasfrcrea crpalrbr. Crperw.neHHe xaxAofi or.
p?c;1H BOAHO|O XO3qfrCrea nonyqHTb Anfi ce6x HaH6oltrlrylo sKoHoMH-
qecKyro BbrroAy, ue coo6pa3yffcb c norpe6lrocrbro B BoAe ApyrHX or-
p?cJei{, nepecraJlo oTBeqarb rpe6oaaunro [onyrrengn Hau6o.tluefi
eKoHor.{Ht{ecxor"i eQQexruBHocrH AJrtr HapoAHoro xoeqftcrea s r{eJroM.
flnaHupoBaHHe pa3BHTHfl Lr ynpaBnenHfl oTpacnbro B orAeJrbHocrg
6es AoaxHorl ceqsu c r{enfiMn H ycnoBuflMu QyHxuHoHHpoBaHHr Apy-
rHX Orpac.nefi I]pHBoAHJro B pflAe cnyqaeB r o6ocrpeHHro riporHBope-
qul"i uexAy HHMH ti K cepbe3HoMy. HapyujeHHro MaTepHaJrbHoro 6anau-
ca H Ae3opraHH3auHH npoH3BoACrBa. HapyruaJrHcb rpe6onaHHfl no
oxpirre BoArrbrx pecypcoB H oKpylxarou1ert cpe4sr.
Bce sro He3aMeAJIHTenbHo norpedoearo onpeAeJrei.rnorl ueHTpaJrH-
3AqHH B NJIAFIHPOBAHHH PA3BI{TII'I fi YNPABJICHHfl AE'ITCJIbHOCTbIO OT.
AeJrbribrx BoAonQTpe6Hrenefi H eoAorroJrb3o8are,ueft . flose HJr HCb I H e p-
f o B oAoxo3 rr fi cr ts e rr H br e KoM nir eKcbr, HJrH CoKpar.qeHHo
69
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