pacxo.A ee B corHH H Tblcrrrii{ pa3 npeBbirrraer BCro lvlaccy BbriTycKae-
N,IoIi npo.4yKi{Lrli. Tax, Ha BbrlrraBr(y 1 r qyr)/Ha ueo6xoAuuo 3arpa-
THTb 200 Hr3 BoAbr, Ha 1r suxeilfl ao 800 1v{3, Ha 1r anioprllkrfl-
1500 1,r3, orportruoe KorHqecTBo BoAbr pacxoAyercfl rerJioBbrM1l- H
aToMHbr M H 3,'IeKTp OCTa HqHg MIi.
B ceJrbcl(oM xossficree BoAa HcloJrb3yercfl Anfl opo[IeHprfi Lr o6-
BOAHeHHfl servreJrb, Ha I ra nroil{aAH, 3auRroir KyKypy3oft, rpe6yerc.fl
no 3200 M3, xanycroft - 8000 n3 no,1sl.
flo4cvtttaHo, tITo B coepeereHHbrx yciroBr.rflx AJrn Ka>KAoro >Klrre-
IIfl uaruefi l.rrai,rerbr npHxoArrrcfl or 300 ao 400 1,a3 BoAbr B roA. Oro
3HaiIHT, i{To Bce qeJloBer{ecrBo-norpe6;iaer He MeFIee 2000 Ktr3 Bonbr
B foA, a K KoHIIy BeKa roJIbKo ilpti coxpaHeHi{H slrHeutHefi TexHo-
JIoriiH norpe6leHHa ee ro4oeofi pacxoA rpeBbrcir 2600 xivr3. Olua-
KO IIpH trPeAnO,taraeMol\{ pa3BI'lTItH BOAoeMKI{X IpOII3BOACTB CxeAyeT
ox{}tAaTb 3Harllire.Torto 60.rbulefo norpe6"reHllr{ BO-tbr.
3anacu npxrogHo'"t AJIfl ltcnonosbBaHrrfl Bo-(br cHrrlKaiorcfl rrc-3a
3afpfl3HeHHff ge pa3JrHsHbrMr{ orxoAaMrr. flo AaHHbrM OOH S0 %cerlbcKHx rr 23 Yo ropoAcKl{x xarelefi Harueii nnaHerbr }re o6ecne-.seHbr ,uo6poxaqecrseHuori npecnofi eoAor?. oxolo 3 MJrpA. qer. He
Hil{ercr Aocryfla K qucroir BoAe H 750 rorc. qe,l. e]r{eforuo yMHDarcr
or bonesHefi, nepeAaBaeMbrx qepes eoAy.
Hexearxy_ npecHoft BoAbI ouyuaioT crpaHbr Agr1l, E.i.prxgrero
.Boctoxa H Eeponor (lpequa, fo,.'ur aHAH4 
-Ioroc.,r 
aBHfl rr Ap.) He-
AOCTaTOK HcrrbrrbrBaror raKHe KpynHbre fopoAa, KaK Htrc-plopx, I-la_pHXi, fiouAori. B CryA pal'roualra 6e.qcrbns o6rse,'relrsr KirrsQop-HrIfl, Hlro-Ax<epcH, Texac, Htrc-lZ[opx, KolopaAo, fIeucn",.rlBallfl.,
lOxsan f,axora rr Apyr]te rrrarbr.
B rraruefi crpaHe BoAHaff npo6.rrerrra He crour raK ocrpo, I{aK B
rrrle 150 rbrc. peK 4nuuofi 6onee
CCCP: Borra, llevopa, Cenepuar
tr K xpynHeftruarw peKail{ Eeponu,- K xpynuer?uruu per(aM Astii-i.
rox CCCP paBeH 4384 xn3. 3roHecKonbKo MeHbure, qeil{ B Epasnnriu (5668 xu3), uo 60.r-rtrue, qeivr
n 4rc6ofi Aplrofi crpaHe. B l(nrae; Hanpnruep, pevHort crox cocraB-
rner 2880 KM3, B Kauale -2740 KM3, b CLiIA'- 2g4S KM3 r{ r. A.OAsano pacnpeAeJleH croK no repprrropnri Haurefi crpaHbr xpafige
HepaBHoMepHo II He6laronpHflTHo Anrr ocHoBrrhrx norpe6l.iTeleilr
BoAId - HaceJIeHHfl, rrpoMbriuJreHHocrn H ceJrbcKoro xoeqficrea. Oxorro
86 % peqHoro croKa Qopnnpyercfl B MaJroocBoegHbrx B xosxilcr-
BeHHoilI orHourestll.r ceBepHbrx H BocroqHbtx pafiouax crpar{br, a Ha
ro)*(HIiIe H Ioro-3anaAHbre pafiouu, rAe COCpeAoroqerro oKoJro 85 o/o
Hace.rellHs H B0 % flpotlbr[IJIeHHoro H cerTbcKoXossfrcreeHrroro nDo-
H3BOTCTBA, NPHXOAHTCff OKOJIO 14 OIA PCqHOI-O CTOKA,
VAe.[nHaq o6ecne.reHHocrb co6crnesuuu pecHbiM croKoM orr{o-
cHTeflbHo cpeAHefo Anrr cccP 3HaqeHHR Ha I xHre,'lrr pc@cp co_craBJTtIer 1,63 (Bocrou_tlax Cg6npu-2,86, I{eurpanuHo-r{epr{o3eM-
HbIe o6"nacrn - 0,1), Vr<paHucxor? CCp - 0,0s, Asep6aiiAxiaircxgir
CCP - 0,07, Typxureucxoh CCP - 0,04 rr r. A.
24
B 6eAuux eoAoii pafiouax crpaHbr, ral(rrx xax AsepdafiAxas, IOr
Vxpaurrrr, MourAaens, cren!{ Kptrua, Hlixrree floeo,nx<ne, I_{eurpanr-
uo-L{epHo3erurrnrfr, Vpanncxuli H Apyfue partoutr PC$CP, ecrb rep-
pHTOpr{H, O6eCnelreFrr-rbre noAoir iro a6co.nrcrHuu r4 oco6eHso no
yAeJrbHbrM rroKa3are/,]rrM B 20-30 pa3 Mer{btlie, qe]VI B cpeAHeM IIO
4autrori pecny6"uuxe.
llo,roxeHlie ycyry6"rrnercr reM, rrro roAoeol.r croK 6onuurHHcrBa
per{ KpafrHe HepaBHoMeperr He ToJrbKo no reppHTopLitr, Ho H B MHO[O-
"i-lerHeM pa3pe3e. Llseecruo, qro orr MolxeT H3rvieHqrbcfl or Kara-
crpo0rueci(H rvra"rroBoAFrbrx sHaqeHHfi Ao xaracrpoSi.ruecxu MHor-oBoA-
HbIx. B 3acy[IJIHnltx paitorlax, HanpHivrep, B MHofoBoAHb]e roAH cro6
rloBbltuaercfl rr cocraB./Irrer npr.rMepHo 300-400 % cpeArreMHoro/re'r-
Hefo, a B Mar'IoBoArible -3-4olo.
Ho H B reqeHHe roAa peuHofi croK HepaBHoMeperr. Ha 6orr-
rueii reppHropHH crpaHrrr 60-70 0/0 foAoBofo croKa npoxoArrr Bo
BpeMr{ BeceHHefo no"[oBoAb.s, Koropoe AJlitrcfl I 3 Mec, a Ha peKax
fiarr,Hero Bocroxa H Ceeepo-Bocroxa Cu1upu HNre]or Mecro 6orn-
rllHe _"'IeTHHe AOlKAeBbre [aBoAKH.
Taxue pelKHMbi ecrecrBeHHoro croKa rraxoAflTcrr B pe3KoM npo-
THBOperrr.iH c pex(Hil,IoM norpe6leHtl BoAbi HaceJreHHeNl rr pflAOI{
ntnonnor? tr4nnnrrnn^ i'^-^^ '. --- ' 1--. '-
vrpqurrvrr rray\rl{nrJr Lr ,1vJ}lnLrE d 11 lJI'lly.ai\Adtul llpHUel.it.l.b K ooJIb_
tiluivt npeo6pa3oBaHHrM peqFroro croxa c iloMou{bro peryJlHpoBarrrrr
ero Bo.toxpaHHirHuarvrl{ (S 4.3).
B CCCp raKHe npeo6pa3oBaHHr peqHoro croKa trpeAycvrarpLr_
Baer f eHepaJrbHaff cxetrra KoMn.{eKcilofo Hcrro.,.rb-
3OBaHrrfl H OXpaHbr BoAfrbrx pe crrpcoB. Orra rrBJrfercf
cocraesoit qacrbto o6ulero rrJIaHa pa3Brrrtrff riapoArtoro xoaqr?crea.
B cTpaHe MHoro cAeraHo, Ho eue 6orrnure npeAcroHT cflerTZTb BpeueHrrH BoAHbrx npo6,reu, TaK KaK TeMrbr BoAHoro 6laroycrpoficrBa
noKa eu{e oTCTaloT or reM[oB pocra HapoAHofo rossficrea H H?;nprr*(eHFiocrb BoAoxo3flficreeHHoro 6anauca B pffAe paiionon [epe_
pacraer n 4eQnur.rr Borbr. IlonoxeHrre ycyry6lnerc.f reM, qro noKaeu{e He yAaercff IIOJIHOCTbIO ycrpaHr.rrb 3afpfl3rieHHe [oBepxHocTHbix,
A B Pqgc CNYqACB H NOA3CMHbIX BOA NPOMbIII]JICHI]bIMH CTOKAillH.
a TaKlKe trPOAYKTaltn XlrMH3ar{HH CeJibcxoro xOggfiCrea-
2.3. rHApO3HEprETHr{ECHHE pEcypcbl pe,{uoro cToKA
tlacrt pecHofo cT'oKa, HCnoJIb3yeMaq HJIH Moryu{ag 6url HcrroJrb-gonaHuoir AJIfi llpo]r3BoAcrBa 3JreKrpo3Heprur.t, o6pasyer rnAposHep_
rerHqecKHe pecypcbr. ludpaattuTecKafl, sHepeutt'pei npeaciaerob,
co1oil pa6org, Koroparc coyeptuq,er reKlJt4on I Hux eodo. B ecrecr_
BeHHoI,r cocToflHntr 3Ta pa6ora pacxoAyercrr Ha flpeoAoJrenfle BHyr_
peHHefo cofiporllB'rIeHllfl ABHX(eHrito BoAbt, cotrpoTuBJreHHfi Ha Tpe-
HHq B pycJre H pa3jri.rqHoe opo3noHrroe eosAeficrnHe (pasuun AHarr 6eperon pycna, nepeMeu{errne_trpoAyi<ros pa3r,rbrBa H T. A.).curori, gcyuecrB.ryfilou{eli pa6oiy soluoro noroxa, ffBJrflercfl co6_crseur'rblir Bec BoAbr. {er:icTeHe soAi,r orpeAe.[flercri pa3rrocrbro ypoB-
uefi BoAtl B IIaIIare H l{oilqe paccMaTpxBaeMono yqacrKa BoAoroKa
25