rAe B KaqecrBe E1 Lt xi Moryr 6um npuHrrbr pa3JrHr{Hble SHeprerHI{ecKHe H BoAo-
iossficteeHHbre noKa3areJlu f3C n TOC.
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o6nquo 6Hsaror HsBecrHbr. LIHonAa saAaHHe KoHeqHoro cocrorHPlq cucreMbl 3aMe-
rrffercs ua f3C Ha H3onepr4Merpnl{ecKoe ycJIoBHe BHAa
fOC 6es peryxupoB a*un n c KparrocpoqHbrM perj,lnpoBaHHeM cToxa )eHrbrB?.
IOTCfi npH OnTHMI{SaIIHH ,U,JIHTeJIbHOTO pexr.rMa cucrenrbr KaK Hepeny"lHpyeMbre craH-
UHH B 6anasce gHeprHH.
fgC AJtnreJlbnoro peryJtnpoBaHHs. I{uxn peryJrHpoBaHHfl TaKr.rx fOC Moxer
npeBbruarb paccMarpHeaervrHii nepHoA T. oAHar<o onrulraatHurfi pe>KHM A,'rff ne-
pHoAa I scJeAcreHe B3aHMocBt3H pexHMoB fOC BHyrpH no,rrHoro r.taK,,ra perynn-
poBaHI"Ifl He Moxer paccMarpl{Barbcq He3aBHcHMo or o6u-(ero onruMarbHoro pexu-
Ma craHuHn 3a Becb UHKJI peryJlHpoBaHufl. B p"aa cJryqaeB Bruecro noJrHoro ugKna
peryJlupoBaHr.rfl Mox{Ho paccMarpuBaTb orAeJrbHo nepuoA cpa6orxu H nepuoA HanoJr-
HeHI,t.fi C 3aLaHHbtMI.t BO BpeMeHLI rpaHHrrHbrMH ycd'roBHfMH.
O6uquo f3C a,'ruteflbHofo peryJrupoB aHHn Be1yr r.r KparxocporrHoe peryJrHpoBa-
HHe CTOKa, n I'ilfl ero yqera Heo6xoAHtvto ltcnoJlb3oBaTb cpeAHeHHTepBaJrbHbIe xa-
paKrepHcTuKH.
Oco6eHHocrtro f3C AJrr{reJrbHoro pery.rrupoBaHHfl croKa Alilqercfl, gHa.rurenlHuft
AHana3oH t'I3MeHeHHfl yponuefi 6seQon, a raKxe pex(HMa [onycKoB Bo BpeMeHH. Ha
pexnrr,l xacxaAa f3c cyrlrecrBeHHoe BJtHflHHe Mo)r(e,r oKa3arb yrrer H3MeHeHHq noA-
nopa MexAy cTBopaMLr.
fOC ,u,JIHreJIbHoro peryJIHpoBaHHfl croKa flBJrflrorcq ocHoBHbrM pery,rHpylounM
3BeHoM B SHeprocucreMe. PexHu Hx MoxieT onpeAeJrflTbct KaK gHeprernqecKnMp,
TaK H soAoxosqficrBeHHbrMu KpIrrepHrMH.
I'pynna fOC pasnoro BHAa perynnpoBalnfl. Bce cxasaHHoe Bbllre cnpaBeAaHBo
,aa.a fOC, pacno,['o>KeHHbtx Ha pa3Hbrx BoAoroKax, a raKxe Ad'rr BepxHHx fOC xac-
KaAa.
nns KacKaAa fOC cneayer yrrnrbrsaru oco6eHHocrH BoAHosHep.rerHqecKHx pac-
qeroB, Koropble 6st.ttt't paccMorpeHbr B ur. 8, a taxxe B3aHMocBfl3H pexHMoB Bcex
f3C xacxaAa KaK no pacxoAy, TaK H no Hanopy.
llpu Ha,ruqnr.r B KacxaAe fOC pasHoro BHAa peryJrr.rpoBaHHq croKa, HanpnMep
BepxHfls fOC I - 6es peryJlnpoBaHnff H HHxHflq fOC2 - IrrurerbHoro penyrgpo-
BaHufl, Moryr no.sBuTbcs AonoJrHI{TeJrbHbre Qaxroprt, BJlHsrottI,He Ha Hx pexnM. Torla
HuxHHfi 6leQ fSCl Ao.nxeH 6um npe4craBJreH B BH,qe saBHcr{MocrH 2r.6r or QH.6r
H 2n.62. flpH o6paruou nopflAKe pacnoJloxeHHf f3c B KaCKaAe Ztr.6t 3aBHCHX'
ToJIbKo or Qn.or.
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KaAa.
B lonrocpollHoM nJIaHHpoBaHHH 3HarruTeJrbHoe B.i'rHffHHe Ha pexr.rM f3C oxaetr-
Baer BXC. Vqer rpe6onaHntl BXC npHBoAr{T x Heo6xoAHMocrH Hcno,rrb3oBaHfit B
pacqerax BeKTopHblx KpHrepHeB. OAHaxo B HacToslqee BpeMq yuer rpe6onasnfi BXC
cBoAHrcq, KaK npaBHJIo, K BBe.u,eHHro orpaHr,rqeHuft ua pexuM f3C, pa6orar.oqilx no
oAHoueJleBoMy 3HeprerHqecKoMy t4JtLt soAoxosqficrBenHoMy xpurepNrc. B npaKrrf-
qecKHx pacqeTax MHoroue.tleBble r(pHTepHn cBoAflTcrr K oAHOrleJreBoMy KpHTepHro c
HCnOJrb3OBaHr.reM pasflHrrHbrx npHeMoB U MeTOAOB (exCneprnne orleHKH, !lllep6u
u r. A.).
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6urenfiuH-peryfltropaMH gJIeKTposHepruu, onrHMH3arlHr AnHTeJrbHbrx pe)r(nMoE
sHeprocHcreM, B cocTaB fioTopblx BxoAqT grH CTaHUHH paSHOrO BHAa pefyirHpoBaHHt
croKa, HMeer csou oco6eHHocrr.r.
Pexnrrr HC 6es peryJrr{py}oqero BoAoxpaH[ Jruu\a vIrH c Bo.qoxpaHHJrHrqeM
I{parxocpoqHoro peryJlnpoBaHufl yqnTbrBaercrr a (11.2) B BHAe AonoJrHure"ttuorl Ha-
291
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Cqurarorcr H3BecrHbrMH: rH4porpaQ npr.troqHocrn K crBopy BepxHell fec u 6o'
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B JrHHHflx g,'reKrponepeAaqn; xapaKrepl{cruKH 6re$oe H BoAonpogoAqil-(Hx coopyx{e-
Huft; cpe4HetlHrepBaflbHble eHepferuqecxue xapaKTepHcrHKH TOC n f3C.
Ecau nepnoA T pas6ur Ha oAHHaKoBbte no npOAoJIltLHTeJIbHqcrH UHTepBaJIbI
npeUeHn Ala, i:1, h, TO BMecTO HHTeI'par'lbHblX noKa3arenefi 9, V(, B Cne,Uyer
HcnoJlb3oBarb Hx npou3BoAHble no BpeMeHu N, Q, B.
Oco6eHuocrtrc sHepfergrlecKr.rx H rHApaBJILIqecKnx npoqeccoB npH AJIHreJlbHoM
peryJrr.tpoBaHug croKa flBJrflercfl HX ycraHosltsuuftcn xapaKrep, qro nosBoJlrer npeA-
cTaBHrb f3C cpeaHeuHrepBaJIbHbIMI{ noKa3a'reJlrMH.
B coBpeMeHHbrx gHeprocucTeMax, KaK npaBLIJIo, npucyrcrBylor f3y pa3Horo
THna H BHAa pery,TLIpoBaHHn CTOKa, O6.naAaronlue pa3HbIMH gHepreTHr{ecKHMH nOKa-
gareJrsMr.I tt oco6egHocrqMH B 3aAar{e AorfocpoqHoro nJIaHHpoBaHI'Ifl pe)KHMoq.
: fOC 6ea pery.nupoBanHs croKa.3rn craHIIvtu pa6oralor tro BoAoroKy IIpH Zn.6:
:coflSt, OcHoeHHe norepH Hanopa - B BoAonpoBoAqlqux coopylKeHnflx H B HHx('
HeM 6beQe
- B orrr.rrrHe or KparKocporrHbrx pelKHMoB Hanopbl fOC, oco6eHHo HH3KoHanopHbIx'
MoryT 3HaqHTeJIbHo H3MeHflTbcfl B TeqeHHe nepuo,Ua T.?ru OTaHUHH B 3aAaqax 'U,OJI'
nocporlHofo nJIaHLIpoBaHHq pexLIMOB npeAcTaBJIflIOrCfl CpeAHeHHrepBaJIbHbIMH xa-
paKTepHcTHKaM;g npH zs.6:const. A.nq KacKaAa ueJlecoo6pa3Ho nocTpoeHHe ero
gXs14saneHrHofI XapaKrepHcrHKH c yqeroM Tao6 Mex(Ay cTBOpaMH' Cpe4tteHHTep'
BaffbHbre xapaKrepucrnr(H f3C, pacno!'roxeHHbtx Ha peKax cHeroBoro I'I JIeAHI'IKOBO'
To nHTAHLtfl, MaJro orruqarorcfl or rexHoJlofuqecKr'lx. flpn yqere xoJlocrblx c6pocoB
3TU xapaKTepHCTHKH HeCKOJIbKO H3MeHqIOTCs.
. I'3C KpaTKocpoqHoro peryJlltpoBattfl. 3nl f3C unaercT qI'lKJi peryflHpoBaHnfl
3HaqHreIbHO MeHbUIe T. .[llnrenlHltft peiKHM TaKI'IX fOC Mo]KHo npeAcTaBHrb B
Br.rAe coBoKynHocrg ps1a 83aHMoHe3aBHcI'IMblx Apyr or Apyra cyTotlHblx (neAenr'
nr,rX) pex(HMOB, nOcI(OJlbI(y npg ggJIHOM UI'1KJIe peryIHpOBaHHff BOAOxpaHnal'Iu1e Ha'
q?rHaer cBoto pa6ory or HllV H 3aKaHqHBaer ee OruerxOlI Hny, T' e' npu HaJIH'
qne B cucreMe f3C xparKocpotluoro petyJ'IHpOBallnfl ol{H yqacrByloT B peueHHH 3a-
Aaqv AJTHTeJTbHOTO peryrHpoBaHHq CBoHMH MOUIHOCTflMH, 3aBHcguII{MI',I TOJIbKO OT
npHToKa sa L,tt-AeKaAy LIJIH MectU. Pacqet Hx peXHMa Heo6xoAHMo onpeAeJlflTb
no cpeAHeHHrepBalbHbtM xapal(repHcrHKaM f3C. Ens feC xlllKocpot{Horo pery'
JTHpOBaHHfi 9TI{ xapal(repHcTI{KI,I oTJIHqarcTcg oT TexHOJIorHqecKHx' oco6esHo npH
HaJrVqH4 HeyCTaHoBHBuIenOCfl ABH)KeHHS BOAbI B HHIKHeM 6s9$e.
CpeAHeuutepBaJlbHble xapaKrepHcrHKH f3C rr,toxHo npeAcraBJlflrb npn ycJloBHIr
trocToflHHoro Hanopa HnH nocToqHHofi orMeTK[I- BepxHero 6leQa' A;q xacraAa Bo3'
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iepnana.
290
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