fraxa
o6opor. I-lpor l" reci : I HMeeM c.rryuail HeorpaHl4r{eHHoro 3anaca ron-
rruBa Ya i-frr TOC.
B paccMorpeHHbrx Bbrrile cJryqaflx npeAl.IoJIafailvcb nocroflHHblMH
cocraB lr rruc.ro BKJrrolreHrrbrx arperaroB ua l3C. OAuaro AJIfl ruApo-
craHqlrfi, KaK 3To noKa3aHo B rJI. 5, noAAep)KaHHe nocroflHHoro qHcJIa
BKJrroqeHHbIx arperaroB npu H3MeHeHHH Harpy3KH fOC HepaUHoHaJIb-
vcJroBHfl OnTHMaJIbHOfO pacnpeAeJIeHHfl Hafpy3Kl4 B CHCTeMe
(pr.. 10.5, a).
Enn lloJryr1g1114" oAHo3Har{Horo pelxeHl4fl o6uquo npl{MeHflercfl
c.neAynulufi npl4eM npeo6p a3oBaH?lfl xap aKrep ilcrrlr' BHAa
qrec(ilrec ) nPu Hn: coflst.' 
fiycrn fOC pa6oraer B coBpeMeHHofi rvroulHofi sHeprocl4creMe, oc'
HauIeHHofi 6ro.rHtrr\,{r.r arperaraMH, I4MeIouII4M14 noJIofHe xapaKTe,pfic-
iKH brec(l/rsc ). Ans raxol? ctlcreMbI xapaKrepl'IcrgKa 03Hs(/V3Hs/
€ilIe 6Onee nOJIOra, qeM arperaTHble xapaKTepvCTr4Kr4, V MO>KHO cq14-
TaTb, rrTo B se6onnruou AHanasOHe H3MeHeHHfl Harpy3KH oHa 6y4er
Qurypn kabcdl nnn (pHc. 10.5, 6)
AQrec i : Qrec ,LNt * (Sr- Sr). (10.26)
flpet yMeHbIITeHHLI Harpy3KH T3C na AlVi nprr ben":i.rec Q rec:
:coflSt pacxoA TonJrHBa 3a Ltt yMeHbuHTcs Ha cJreAyrouyrc Be.rrpr-
IIHHV:
A'Bt: br 
"rAl,AA/,
Lltlu c ylieroM A//r u3 (10.26)
L,B, : beasi (AOree - (S., - S,)) Alr.' 9rec I
flpuHHuaa Bo BHrrMaHHe, qro W rec Ha cyrKH 3aAaH, HeO6xo,{H-
Mo B TerreHr.re ocraBuefics qacrH cyroK T-L,tt: L,t cHH3HTb Harpy3Ky
fOC Ha HeKoTopoe BHarreHHe AlVr, Koropoe o6ecnequBaer paBeHcrBo
HyJrro Bbrpax(eHHfl
AQrec t Ltt- LNtQrec, Lt:0, (10.29)
rAe Qrsct -AHQQepeHuHaJrlHufr rroKa3arerrb fOC B r.rHrepBaJre Lt.
CoorgercrBeHHo Harpy3Ka T3C yBeJrHqrrrcfl, sa A/" qro H npnBeAer
K yBeflHqeHuro pacxoAa ronJrHBa Ha A.Br:
A^Br: LNpAt : #AQ.ec t Ltt, \
rAe br:lrecqrsc, a AlVr HafiAeHa Hs (10.29).
I4gueHeHne pacxoAa ronJrHBa B cHcreMe or paccMorpeHHofo ne-
pepacnpeAeJreHufl Harpy3oK Mox{er 6nrl HafiAerio no Qoprrry.re
LB : LBt - LBt : lrac (S, - SJ Al,.
fIOCxO.nlNy XreC t4 Ltt-npoH3BoJIbHbIe BeJIHqHI{bl, TO MOX{HC}
CACJIATb BbIBOA, qTO IIPI,I SZ)Sr II3MCHCHHC MOII{HOCTH f3C OT lVZ AO
A/r npn Pd:const npuBeAer K sKoHoMHH ronJrnBa, a npH Sz(Sr-
K ero nepelxory. 3xonouun H nepe)Kora He 6yaer npn S2-Sr.
I( auanorHqHbrM BbrBoAaM MoxHo npurirr.r, ecJnr yqecrb H HeropH!
3oHTaJrbHocrb b"*" (Nrn") , u 6o.rrluee qHcJro arpenaroB na f 3C.
Ilo.nyueHHoe [paBHJro oueHKH 3HaKa LB no3Bo/rffer cpaBHHTe,'IbHo
JrerKo HaxoAHTb H eAHHcrBeHHoe (rno6a.rrluoe) perueHlre 3aAaqH. D,n*
eroro cJleAyer npoaHaJrr.r3upoBarb coorHolueHue nnouraAert Sr [nuttte
bun"(Nr*")l H 52 fuux€ brn"(ffrn")] npra nocJreAoBareJrbHoM yBeJIHqe-
Hr4Ll N rec OT UaHUeHrUrefi MOilIHOCTr.r, COOTBerCrnyiOUleli yCJTOBHTO
(10.16) (r.e.//r Ha puc. 10.5, a), Ao Har6o.nrurefi (^Va na puc. 10.5,4).
PeruenueM 3aAaqn 6yler roqKa c 1/ rec :Nz HZ puc. 10,5, a.
Ens ynpoilreHus [or{cKa rJro6aJrbHoro petueHnfi AJrfl Kax{Aoro 3Ha-
rIeHHq P 
" 
B pacr{erax HcnoJlb3yroT TaK Ha3brBaeMyro cnpflM,IIeHHyIo
auQ$epeHrluaJrbHyro xapaKrepucruKy fOC. nns aroro cHaqaJla npo'
BoAtr ropH3oHTaJIbHyIo JIHHHIo AB raK, I{To6bI AB:0 nJrI4 Sr:Sz.
3ro osHaqaer, rrro Ha pacxo4uoft xapaKrepucruKe fOC Q rsc (Nrec)
Nt Nt /\rec
d)
f3C u TOC npu nepeMeHHoM
N rac
il,. BKrrro-
(10.25)
(10.27}-
I
fi 0.28)PHe.
qCHH
N2
AQrec, - .f Qrec(l/rec) dNrec.
ly'r
B KoopAHH arax anQcf epeHUHarl-bHofi xapaKrepHcrI4KH fAC
tlrecr l/rec npl{paUIeI{HIo pacxoAa AQrecl coorBeTcrByeT [JIoUIaAb
266
( r 0.30)
267