3a,u,aqa pacqera pelKHMa cpa6otKI4-HattoJIHe-
HHfl oAHHor{Horo BoAoxpaHHJIIauIa 3a rIepHoA T-
:t^-to npH H3BecTHoM HaqaJlbHOM COCTOflH14LT
2s.60:zr.a(to) vilv Vs,s-V"(to\ II p n 3 a A a H H o Il o r A a q e r H A'
poy3Jra ro p acxoAy Q".o(/) . I,IsnecrHbl: MareMarHqecKHe Mo-
AeJrH 6reSon, orpanHrretwfl, r4x pelKHMa tro orMerKaM, xapaKTepwcrr4Klr
B pacqerax KparKocpoqHbrx pex(HMoB cJreAyeT I4cnoJlb3oBarb MoAeJIH
HeycTaHoBuBlrlerocfl ABHIKeHHfl BoAbI, cBfl3bIBaIouIHe MelKAy co6ofi
ocHoBHbre napaMerpbr pex(HMoB 6seQon 6onee cJIolKHoIl 3aBI'lcH'
MOCTbTO.
flp, orI,IX ycJIoBHflx n nro6oii MoMeHr BpeMeHH f 6y4er cnpaBeA-
JIHBO paBeHCTBO
Tex )Ke yc4oBHflx, qTo H B saAaqe, paccilfoTpeH-
H o r? B br ttr e. Als Ar.rcKpeTHor:r nocraHoBr(r.r 3aAaqrr
I
rAe
Vn,6t: >] (Qot * Gi - AQ'or, - AQsx c) Ltr,
/:l
n LVni : Vii - v[t
vnJ - 
^+ L+
(e.6)
(e.7)
(e.8)
(e.e)
(e.10)
233
rAe
Q, (l) : Qn.o (/) - IQ"p (4 - AQno, (/) - AQexc (l)1, (9.3)
T. e. BMecro (9.1) Mollffio 3anucarb
V"(t) : Vno- {W*.a(4 - [Vnp(/) - A7'o'(l) - Arexc (41]' (9'4)
Bce qlesbt npaBofi qacrt{ (9.4) nu6o H3BecrHbl, nn6o 3aBuctlr or /
1{JIH cBt3aHbI OAHO3HaqHO c V, vt t. B CsqsH C STHM 3TO COOTHO111eHUS
JIeTKO peaJII43OBarb no orHoIIreHHIo K v".
Hanrzqne orpauuueunfi ro Vn t4iln oTMeTKaM 6reSOe Mox(eT no-
BJrHffTb roJIbKo Ha AonycTnMocrb 3alaHHoro rpa$uxa oTAaqH Q".o (i ).
PeanusaUuq (9.4) Bo3MoN(Ha KaK B ra6IHqHoIi, raK n n rpa$Hqec-
xoft QopMe, a raxxe Ha 3BM. nnn qncreHHoro peueuuL (9.4) .npea,-
cTaBJrfleTcfl B AHcKpeTHoM BI,tAe. B ceqsn C 3TllM 11epl4OA T:tu-toPa3-
6uealor Ha n B o6utepr c,Tyt12g HepaBHbIX HHTepBaJIoB BpeMeHH' B
npeAeJrax KoTopbrx 3Har{eHHfl pacxoAoB npHHI,IMaIOTCfl nOCTOqHHbIMH.
TorAa Ha KoHeu i-ro uHrepBaJIa V* 6yler paBHo
L
Vnr : V"o - 
!. (Qroi - AQoori - AQexc ) Lti. (9.5)
I:t
O6parHafl 3aAaqa soAoxoes,frcrBeHHoro pery- r.u,e
JrLrpoBaHr4fl., KOrAa no AonycTHMbIM pe)KHMaM
BepxHero 6reQa no Vo H,Irt4 zs.6 rpe 9.y"-rcfl onpe-
Ae;Hrb o6teMbI nonycl{oB B HHx(rtufr 6leQ rpH
232
3uaqltreJlbHo cJlox{Hee BoAoxo3flrlcrseHulre pacqerbr Ailn KacKaAa
i3C, rAe B 6a.naHce pacxoAoB HeooxoAr.rMo yqr.rrbrBarb Harrrr{ue rqo6
(ctut. S 1.3) .- floc.neAoBareJlbHocrb pacqera B r(acKaAe nprr saAaHHori
orAaLIe lto Qs.6 H/IH z".a(Vt) cBepxy-BHrr3. Vqer rso5 MO]K€T ocy-
ulecrBJrffTbcf, Hafipr4Mep, cABrrfol,r Bo BpeMerilr rpa(rrrxon Q,,.0(l) Bepx-
Herl f3C no orHorrreHr.rrc K paccMarplrnaeuori.
PeanrHtte BoAoxo3qficreeHHrre pacqerbr nprr saAaHnorl orAaqe no
pacxoAy uJlH o6teuau BoAU HaMHofo CJTOXHee OlrrcaHHbr.\ Bbr[re.
Taxaq cJlox(Hocrb onpeAeJrflercq ueo6xoArrrvrocrbto yqera MHoxiecTBa
ycnonurl H ofpaHHqeHrafi Ha pex{HMbr BOAOXpaHHJTHUT, qro MON(er npH-
Becru K r{repaquoHHorl rpor{eAype.
BoAnoeneprernqecKHe pacu-eiu fOC. 3rn pacr{erbr ocHoBbrBarcrcfl
Ha MareMarl4qecKux MoAe/rrx rexHoJrorHr{ecKoro npouecca f3C, pac-
cMorpeHHbrx B npeAbrAyu{Hx fJraBax. Aaxe A.nq 4erepvrHHripoBaHsor?
uu$oprraat\r4\ oHLI xapaKrepH3yloTcfl 6ontruori cJrolKHocTbio 83aHMo-
ceqsefi nepeMeHHblx, r{x HelnHeriHocTbro. Bo rvrHortrx cJryqaflx 3TH cBff-
3LI HeflBHOTO BLrAa; B pflAe c.,'ryqaeB rroBeAeHHe lpoqeccoB onr4cbrBaeT-
cn anQQepeHrr?raJrbHbrMH ypaBHeHHflMH I-r'o u 2-ro nopsAna. floarouy
Aarb _o_6qtee peueHue AJIfl Bcex 3aAaq BoAHogHeprerr{qecKoro pacrlera
Ailn fOC c BoAoxpaHn.rrurrreM HeBo3Mox{Ho, H 3Aecb 6yayr paccMor-
peHbl roJIbKo Hal,t6o"nee rr.rnrrqHbre pacrrerbt pexrrMoB rrrApos/reKTpo.
crauquii. llocxo"nlry AJlr CCCP, oco6eHHo Ann enponerlcxoft qacrn
crpaHbI, c Hanpsx{eHHblM BoAHbrM 6anaucoM xapaKTepHbr HHBKoHa[op-
HbIe pycJroBbre fOC, HM 6yaer yAeJreHo oco6oe BHr.rMaHHe. Vqer oco-
6esuocrefi soAHoeHeprerur{ecKux pacr{eroB srrrx fAC no3BoJrHT 6onee
a$QexruBHo HcnoJlbsoBarb orpaHuqeHHbre BoAHbre pecypcbr yKa3aHHo-
ro pefHoHa.
llpnr HelpepbIBHoM xapaKTepe H3MeHeHr.rfl Bcex sHeprernr{ecKux H
rlrApaBJIHqecxt4x napaMerpoB Bo BpeMeHH orAaqa f3C ro axrHeHofi
Mou{Hocru ff rec (/) B .nro6or? MoMeHr BpeMeHrr / naoxrer 6urn pac.
cI{HTaHa rro c/reAyrour{M Qopruy,rrarr,t :
//rec (l) : 9,8I I^t (t') Q^, (t) H ^i (t),
V"(t) - V,o - A% (4,
I
L
LV,(t\: .t' Q" (t) dt;
to
(e.l)
(e.2)
oo2r$
sl
/l
\* (t):4, (Qar (t), H ^1 Q\;
H * (t) * Hrec (l) : z".o (t) - zn.a Q)