npeBbrgaer cyroK-HeAeJIH) w AJIlIreJIbHoe p ery JI H p o
(io* 6oaee cesoHa, roAa HJIH HecKoJIbKHX JIer) '' '(a>x^brfi 
r43 nepeqHcJreHHbrx BLtAoB peryJll4poBag*fl' croKa
eT cBOt4MI{ gHepreTuqegKi.lMH H peXHMHbIMH OCO6eHHOCTflMI'I,
peHHbIMH HHlKe.
rr a Fa/^ trtra otrr\/nl,,lpl1Q A|-J-VI9 aT(.\|{A L4 faC
O'J. I Jlu ErE.J I l-l J JrTrt \Jv^' r7 'tt v I vl
C KPATKOCPOT{HbIM PETYflhPOBAHHEM
r 3 C 6 es p eryJl Hp oB aHHs .lo,Y;, T 111.,r ? I n9:l.1tl :?. :^t-T:* I
BOAOTOKa,T.e.npuze.6(L):rltlJ:culIsL.vL)(Pe..nvl]urrl..,./rrrtJLrDI1Jrl
oAHo3HaI]Ho onpeAeJIfleTcfi npHTOLIHOCTIIIO K CTBOPY f3C, TAK I(AK
Q".o(l):Q,,p(li vr Q"(l) =Q. 5u* npaBI4rIo' 3ro FIH3KoHaIIopHbIe' He-
6ontruue no MoulHocru f3C. OHr,r BbI3bIBalor Ha14MeHb[IHe H3MeHeHI'Ifl
B npHpoAe AaHHoro peruoHa, He H3MeHflfl ecTecTBeHHOfo pelKI4Ma BO-
AOTOKa, eCJrH B KaCKaAe OTCyTCTByTOT f3c C pery-[xpoBaHHeM cToKa.
Ann peK cHeroBoro nuraH1fl rpaclux pa6oru fOC 6es perynupo-
BaHr4fl, KaK npaBLIJIO, OTHOCHTeJIbHO paBHOMepHUft eO BpeMeHI4 u CO-
orBeTcrByer 6asucHoll 3oHe rpaQHNa Harpy3KH. Ans peK Ao)KAeBoro
nHTaHr.rfl pelKHM oTAaql.I f3C Bo BpeMeHI4 Mo)KeT 6ltrl HepaBHOMep-
HbrM, oAHaKo raKlKe coorBercTuyr 6asHcnoluIy pex{t4My. HrzxaKne BHAbI
pe3epBa cHCTeMbI Ha TaKHX f3C He ycTaHaBJIHBaIOTcfl. OcHoBHafl 3a-
Aaqa cHcTeMbr pefyrrHpoBaHHfi f 3c - IIOAAeplKaHI4e IIOCTOfHHofo
3'HaqeHHf Hny 
^to 'upen,t.nr. 
PexHvt pa6oru fOC MolKHo cqHTaTb
yCTaHOBHBIIHMCfl. BOSIvIOXHa OIITHMI,I3aqllf BHyTpI{CTaHUI4OHHO|O pe-
*"tu fOC 6es peryJIHpoBaHus. B I{eJIoM c yr{eToM HNo pexuM sTHX
fAC MolKHo ollucarb cJIeAyIoqI'IM o6pa3oM:
z".a(t) __ HflV: consti
Q" (4 - o; Q".o (l) : Q"p (/)i
Puc. 8.3. Pex<uuu pa6oru fOC
cyToqHoro peryJrHpoBaHHff
BaHHori ro Harropy MorqHocru ly'.r"r(Hrsc) (puc. g.2).
3ro eHeblBaer AonoJIHHTeJIbHbre norepr.r Mou{Hocrrr rr oHeprlnr. B uerrrnxrIoBbIrIeHI'Ifl aQSelmr.IBHocrrI fOC 6es peryJrnpoBaHlrfl cror(a Ha Hrrx
HHOfAa pa3Meualor rar( Ha3brBaeMyro ce3 o rr H ylo M o u{ H o c r b
ff.ur. ona o6ecneqesa eoAor? ofpaHr.rqeHHoe BpeMfl B roAy vr Br'rHffer
TOJIbKO Ha pacxoA ToIIJIHBa B CuCTeMe. He vBer'n.rqt.tBaf gnrrecHqrcutefi
MorrtHocrrr fOC.
f3C 6es peryilnpoBanun o6naAaror Ma.rrbrMH KnA ro srreprvH v13-
3a 3HaqriTeJIbHbIX xoJrocrblx c6pocoe
eF"t : rfi - A9,,.0 - A9oa"* - ao|,"*,
BAHHC
o6naAa-
paccMoT-
B,N PcrN,
aP
q 13c
"i.J
z tt1
I )gI
Puc. 8.2. Pexnuu pa6oru f3C
6ea penynnpoBaHHfi croKa
zs.6
z a.t
ng,)
- H.0
=ooa n.6
l.l
Qrec (/) :
Q*.cop (/) : Q'.u (0 - afSt'(ll.ec (l))'
Q".o (l) < a$t" (H'ec);
npu QH.o (t)> ail33 (//'ac);I Q"u (l) npu
I Ofat'(Hrec)
(8.4)
Mouluocrt noAo6ultx f3C HeBeJIHKa- (puc. 8.2)' 3saqureJlbHylo
rIaCTb rOAa 3Aecb BO3MoX{HbI XoJlocrlre c6pOCbI BoAbI' flpt,t 3TOM MOul-
HOCTb f3c 6yaer onpeAeJrfrbcf cxenaofi co3AaHHfl Hanopa u opfaHI4-
3aqgerl npony&u Q*.".n r{epe3 ronosHoti y3eJI B HHxHtaft 6le6 IIJII'I
qepe3 AepI4Baqt4to LI Hanopulrti 6accetin B HI4;{HHfi 6leQ AJI9 Aepl4Ba.-
;}[iil;'i"Af; ;.p.r noioc6po*r B HHIKHHI? 6reS AItr nrlor'HHor?
igC. ,[,qn .rrro6ort cxeMbr co3AaHLIfl Ha_nop.a uMelor Mecro noTepg ero
3a cqer HHlKHero 6leQa, r' e' A'V"o(Q"';) v A3"'o(Q"'0.)'-Ec'nu npo-
;t.;-e*..0p opraHr.r3oBaH rrepe3 AepI4Batl'to lt uanopunfi 6accefis, ro
noflBJrfiroTcfl AonoJIHHTeJIbHbIe [oTepH Hanopa v, cJIeAoBaTeJIbHO'
MoIIIHocTHHsHeprH14'I{ToBeAeTKMaJIoI?arreprerr,IqecKofiacpsexrun-
"oat" 
AaHuofi .*.ooot. B nepuOAbl np-onycKa MaKcHMaJIbHbIX pacXoAOB'
KOfAa Hanop MOXeT 6Slrt MeHb[Ie H"o, BO3MOX{HO noflBJIeHI4e C B t-
2lft
(8.5)
rAe --A3''.6 - norepn 3HeprHH sa cqer Hrrx(Hero 6recpa; AJ $* H
^ nH
AJ pex - pe)KHMHbIe nOTepH gHeprIILI 3a CqeT XO"'IOCTbIX c6pOcoa LL
Hailuqtr cBfl3auHori no Harropy Mou{Hocru.
Koa0SHrIr,reHr ucroJrb3oBaHnfl croKa AJrn fOC 6es
pery/rfipoBalr4r k?i' oqeHb HusNufr; K o a O O r4r\r4e H r H c n o x b-
3OB aHr4f, HarOpa kun' sHaqr.lreJreH AJrfl pycJroBbrx f3c Lr He-
cKoJrbKo MeHbrxe AJrfl AepHBar{HoHHbrX.
fAC cyrotlHoro perynupoBaHnc cToKa. OcHoslroe Ha3HaqeHHe aro-
ro BHIa peryJrapoBarnn croKa - npeo6pa3oBarb, KaK [paBHJro, paB-
219