36 ^noO ^^,,
\ J r3c "P*
36.,3u6n13np13ili!
Pnc. 7.10. CrpyrrypHaq cxeMa pacr{era 3HepfonoreltquaJla BoAoxpaHHJIHuIa c yqe-
TOM OfpaHHqeHHri nO ypoBHqM BepxHero 6leQa
6yaer r.rMerb Br4A, aHaJrorurrHbrfi xpunofi 3. Il,anHIrI4e rlpI'IToqHocrv HJIH
ycJIoBHn h,:T,,,(,: leVzrpua IIpll zi.?E <Hny -npllBeAer K noflBJlellHIo
pelKHMa, Koropbll? coorBercrByer KpxBoiI 4. 9ra KpHBafl 6yler BorHy-
iofi, '{ro creAter H3 aHaJrH3a (7.36), a raK)Ke pe3yabraroB pacr{eroB
Ha aHailofoBoft 3BM.
V'{er orpaHHI{eHHIl nO Ze.6 Ha 3BM Bo3Mo}KeH MeToAoM
Qynnuul:r. B xa.{ecrBe npHMepa Ha pr4c. 7.10 npe4sraBJleHa
Hafl cxeMa pacqeTa 3HepfoIIoTeHIIHaJIa BOAOXpaHHJIHIIIa C
paHHqeHHfi, BHAa
Qi (Vap"o) : VYSl'a @ -V"p^a (4 < 0;
gr(Z.p"o) :Vcp^o@-VUI,8(/) < o'
Heo6xolHMbre ycJroBrrff orrrHMaJrbHocru pex(1Mq Hc[oJIb3oBaHVr'
BoAoXpaHHJII4UIa, pea.,'IH3oBaHHbIe Ha CXeMe puc. 7.10, nuercT c,'IeAyrc-
urr.rft sHA:
Q"p (r) + dE (t) - -!- UX, (t) - IIIz(t)) : 0, (7 .41)
1""(/) dt dt \ r'
t4e III. u IIIr-urpaQHbIe Qyuxul'tll,
202
hSporr
trlooo z
3ncn
-^a-lruv
J$:Jnptc 139
Puc. 7.1 l. B.nHRHue norepb sHepf Hr.r Ha HcnapeHHe Ha oHepf erHqecKlle xapaKrepHc-
Tr.rKH BOAOxpaHHnH[t
IfIL - Frgr (Zrpu6) sign gr (Z.pro)i
III z - Fzgz (7.p"6) sign ez (Z.puo).
BnuflHHe Ha sHepreTHI{ecKHe xapaKTepHCTrlKlI
BOAOXpaHHJII4Ua nOTepb BoAU H3 HefO Ha IICnape-
H rr e, BoAo3 a 6op rr r. .[,. B xa,recrBe rrJlJlrocrpaunn IIa prrc. 7.1I
npeAcTaBJIeHbr B O6uIeU BHAe 3aBHCHMOCTH TpeX COCTaB,'tqrcUIHX
9fyc, a HMeHHo 3o, )np H 3,,,,,, npH 3r,.r(Fn, t). Ha,ntt'ltte Q,,,'n
BCerAa yMellbilaer ecrecrBeuusrri npuror( BoAbt B BoAoxpaHtlJlllu{e.
flpuueu coorHotileHue Q".r, H Q,,p B pasHoe BpeMff roAa Mo]KeT 6ltrr
pa3JIHI{HO.
A,nq c,Tyqafl, I{orAa Qnp BCerAa $oJlbrtt€ Q,,.n, Y{er norepL, 3Heprlll{
Ha HcnapeHne yMeHblrtHr 3i3t v HecKorbKo yBerHtIHr ho"pu6 (no
cpaBHeHulo co cryr{aeM, I{orAa )rr"n:0) , t.e. hf,pa62 th?puos thZpuar
(ptac. 7.11, a). Koraa Q'p paBeH HyJIlo HJIH MaJI IIo cpaBHeHIIlo c Q,,.',
Bo3MoN(Ho noBbrtrreHHe cpa6orKa BoAoxpaHHJrHIIIa AJrn yBeflnr{eHHfl
ero 3HeprerHqecKort orAaqn, r. e. h Zp^at th|"puaz (prrc. 7.11, 6).
Ans KacKaAa fOC, TaK )Ke KaK I.r AJtr oAVHoqHoro BoAoxpaHttrtH-
I[8, Mox{Ho IroJIyqHTb Heo6xoAHMbIe ycJIoBHs Ann 9i!f* -+ lrlzX B
BHAe (7.32). Hanpuvrep, AJrr /-fi craHqvrr4 KacKaAa
Hxacxt dHuacnl
Vs.6t dVn5t
3lecr
Ws.at: Vnpt *
nI
(7.42)
(7 .43)
rrrpaQHHX
crpyKryp-
yqeToM or-
(7.3e)
(7.40)
(7.44)
Vcpaai fl*"c*l : ffil|f*r - dh"p^at - Lzn.an, (.45)
4o lNcpoo
%s9?t
;/MuH'cpa6
-92s9 Pz
203