rHqHbrfi xapaKTep HMeeT H Kpr4Baq TnE
gzr:+- l- dLN'-
- dNo, dN n" dNaa
3ra xpnBafl nepeceKaer ocb a6cuncc B TorrKe 4; n touxe 2 Qn+:I,.a B Tor{Ke 3 Qxa:T'la. XapaxrepHcrur{a 4"a(//") MoHoroHHo Bo3pacraro-
Ir{&f , orrpeAeJrreMafl cooTHorIeHHeM
tss:#:1+#:+
: nflX"(//o"):
: rla * //o" d\u
tl n-
CN,
A&,
(6.32)
(6.33}
B pa6ovenn Allaila3oHe HalopoB B TorrKe 2 qrt:1; s roqKe 3 eHa-qeHue Qnr:tl"-t,H 3Aecb )Ke rrepeceKaloTcfl MelKAy co6or? yAeJrbHbre H:
4nQQepeHur.raJrbHbre xapaKTepHcrHKr4 Hacoca. Bun oHeprerr4qecKnx
xapaKTepI{crHK o6paruuux pa[ValrbHo-oceBbrx arperaroB no3BoJrfleT
cAeJraTb cJreAylou{He BbrBoAbr.
AuQQepeHrlr.raJrbHbte xapaKrepHcrHKu 4"r (Q") H Qnz(No) He,
o6ecneqnBaror ycJroBHr AocraroqHocru Aocrr4)KeHHfl Mt4 HHMyMa
No"(Q") il Mat{ct.IMyMa Qr,(Nou1, ttro onpeAeJlser ueo6xoAgMocrb pa-
6orrt grHX arperaroB B npeAeJrbHbrx pelKr.rMax.
B ro )Ke BpeMfl Aocraroqllble ycJroBnfl AJrfl 3HeprernrrecKr4x KpHTe-
pHeB MaKcHMyMa 1/"(ffo") n MHHr{MyMa Nou(//") Bbrno;rHflrorcq. 3ro,
no3BoJrfler HCnoJrb3oBarb xapaKrepHCrr.rKH 4"e(i/a") v 4"+(N") AJrfl
onrHMH3auHoHHbrx pacqeroB pexHMoB HC 14 I'A3C. llpu arom, ecre-
crBeHHo, AoJTMHbI yr{HTbrBarbcfl ycJroBur 6ananca Hn n Hnorp.
Hau6o.nee eS$er<rraBHbrM peryJrHpoBaHr4eM Harpy3Ku o6.naAaor
oceBble LI AHaroHalrbHble Hacocbr v o6paruurte arpefarbl, HcrroJlbgy..
rcu{ue yKa3aHHbre fHApoMaurr4Hbr.
O6urufi BHA rJIaBHbrx yHuBepca;rbHbrx xapaKTepHcrHK oceBbrx w
Ar4aroHaJrbHbrx o6paruunx afperaToB 6trn AaH Ha pHc. 6.1. Ha
puc. 6.6 npeacraBJleHa oKcrrJryararIHoH Hafl, xa p a KTe p Hc-
THKa oceBoro Hacoca, a Ha pnc.6.7 -ero $asonne xapaKrepnc-
THKH npl4 nn:COflSt w Q:cOnSt. VIx Oco6euHOcTbIO flBJIffeTCq TO, IITO,
nPH Qtr:0 uou{Hocrb ABnrareJrt lVao AocTufaer cBoero MaKcr.rMa;rr>Hofo,
3naqeHufl, a 3areM rrpn yBefiHr{eHHH Qn uecroJlbKo cHnx{aercr. Kpo-
Me roro, Ha Hr(Q") HMerorcfl ABe HHcnaAarourr4e BerBH, Ho roJrbKo.
oAHa H3 HHx, r4Meroilrafl flapa6o,ruqecrzfi xapaKTep, flBJrflercfl pa6ouefi
qacrblo 3rorl xapar{repncrr{Ku (npanee roqKu 6 wa puc. 6.7).
D^ns oceBbrx HacocoB ro\r<a 4 c MaKcHMyMoM lr/"(Q") Mo)r{er Ha-
xoAHrbcq B 3oHe Me)KAy roqxaun 2 (AA/f"") H 3 (qX".') . B roqre 2'
napaJIJIeJrbHbI KacareJrbHbre K KpHBbrM //o"(Q") v N" (Q").
B roqKe 6 eKcrpeMyMa-MHHHMyMa Aocrrrraer Nno (Q,,). 3Aecn >Ke.
paBHflercfl HyJIIo H Qnr (np, /kr11:collSt u ,p:const) ; no a6coJlrorHoMy
3HaI{eHI4fr Qnr BcerAa MeHbrIe q{rf : l/sD/Q".
OcHogHoe orJruqze o6parrzMbrx oceBbrx H Ar4aroHaJrbHbrx ?rp€raToB:
oT p a[uailbHo-oceBbrx - Bo3MolKHocTb HenpepbIBHoro pefyJrHpoBallfifl'
pex{HMa noAarIH npl{ Huorp(Q"oto) :var. 3ro Aaer Bo3Mo}KHocTb
npeAcTaBJreHr,rf SHepreTHr{ecKHX xapaKTepr4cTuK sTHx arperaToB 14 B:
r84
ly-., 6.-6 Oxcn"nyarar{HoHHbre xapaKrepHc_'rvrxvt o6p arunaoli' ocesor? .;oporuil,*l,
Pac. 6.7, O6qrEr? BHA ocHoBHbrx oHepre-THq.ecKHx xapaKTepHcrHK o6parnuoft oce_rofi rHAporuriruaHr,t A.[R /?y1 : gg1,,r1 H g:,: COnSt
HacocHoM pelr{HMe npu Hu:const.
11a prc. 6.8 npeAcrasJreHbl3 H ep reTH q e CKs s X a p a KTe.p Hcrr.rKu o6p arHnrofo ar-perara npw Hn:coflst. Oco6eu_HocrbroHXnBnnercqMHoroeKcrpe_ I llllNMarrbHocrb Affa(.^/") H q"r(,i*) I I I I I I I \B,oco6st,x pe)KHMHbrx ,orni*""i,', t lll /ll _z" | 2'/' Qn2: (9,81 Hr)-t, s Toq_ aH
Ke 3 Qn2:r'ru (9,8i H,;:'', i i::l: 4 era xapar(reprrcrrrKa nepeceKaer'ocb a6cuucc y'y'u",' flo nc'euy ::{I la!3Kre$^"r^^u Ae"(.v0") coBna-raer c a//a(lvAB) np" Hn:const H uoxer omrr Hcno,,rb3oBaHa AJrfrPACqCTA AUQSCPCHUI,{AJIbHbIX XAPAKTCPI,ICTIII( HACOCA
Q*:W:# rW:#(t* #\,
(n- *"#)
tlnz:
.@o.pqy.rru AJrfl pacrrera
u (6.33).
4-: I -toz- dLea
dN ay Qnr HH dG
(6.34)
(6.35)
Qn 14 Qn+ coorBercrByror Qoprvry,raivr (6.32)
Ann ,'oflyrre'Hfl gHeprer'secK,x xapaKTepr{crHK arperarHoro 6no-Ka c oceBbIMr.r rrJIH l\ilarot{aJlbHblMr.I HacocaMil cJIeAyeT ilcltoutb3oBaTb6anaucosbri MeroA (cu. r.rr. 4j.-b;;";o,z"oi" pacqera B 3roM crryqae,TAK }KC KAK LI 4.UI 'YP6UU, CJIYXAT -XAPAKTC PLICTHKH NOTCPb MOU{HO.crlr prJrrl pacxoAa B 3aBucuMocrn or o6qero napaMeTpa e".
Aff" .0", (Q") : A1/" (Q", H ,) + Aff"oo (QJ ; (6 .3 6)
//f6" : ff,.0,, (QJ * Affu.on (Qu); (6.37)
/)u:- 6'n;1c I
f = const
/luuus
@- no
0ePaHuqeHut:
Hqc0cu
d0uea-nertn
l8ir