IvIoAeJIbHofi tvp6nHu 6)rAer paBeH g,8l-r, yrrnTbrBarr, r{To e srofi roq-daA/-KC : U:
.dNi
Q?r,t:da; - l (t+dAN'\:
dN; e,8l \ dNr )
AaQQepeHr{r{aJrbHafi xapaKrepucrlKa qlnr
npepbrBHas H MOHOTOHHO_BO3pacrarouIafl; npH
Vqutrtsaq, r{To ArVr: tly'r[,V{,r, qf# (ffr;)
Mo)KHo paccrraTaTb no Soprr,ryne
AN '-J*, ^r'dLN'*qrNr: Al/" * Nr#.
3ra xapaKrep ucrxKa B ToqKe 2 HMeer 3HarreHue
flepeuHcreHHbre 3ar(oHoMepHocrrr.-r3- iff,MeHeI-Irrfl sHeprerHqecKr.Ix xapaKTeptrc- Yra,
Tr{K rioBopoTHo-JroIIacTHbtx Mo.[,eJrbHbrx g,g1
ryp6rrH cnpaBeAJrrrBbr rr AJrr HarlrpHbrx rr
AaroT B03MOIKHOCTb npOBepKH KOppeKT-
Hocrn'nocrpoeHnfl nro6ux Qasoplrx HJrr4
ANf
I
t^N
I'Yra
(ffi) BbrnyKrraff, He-
aroM QiN >0.
uoAennuoft ryp6nnnr
(4.48)
q:I,, PaBHoe
paBHo Ay'/*r. OHa BbrrryKJrafl, MoHoroHHo
yHHBepCaJrbHbrx xapaKTepHCTHK. :
O6rrtr.rii BvtA c,baeonux (rzirefiHux)
xapaKTepkcrHx -HaTypHbrx ryp6rlH 6yaer A^,
aHaJrofr.rqeH BHAy MoAerbHbrx rplr 3aMe-, il;t'
He yc,'ronHii n'r:const I H8 cooTBeTcT- Yrs',
BylorUee eMy 3Har{eHHe Hr - colst AN^.^
g,8l-1 (4.47)
(4.50)
nWT
/vr
nAM
lro
3ra sanHcHMocTb BbrnyKJrar no Q',r, HenpepbrBHaq H MoHoroHHo
HanoMHHTb, rrro ryp6uHu Ha fOC o6HqHo nu6nparcrcr raK, qro6tr
Hx peaJlbHafl npeAeJlbHafl MorrlHocrb 6sna MeHb[re MaKcHMaJrbHo
AofiycruMort npa sroM Hanope Hr, T.e. MeHb[ie N, e roqxe 4.
134
(nprr ru:const) , Q'r Ha, Qr, N"r Ha Nr
T4 T. E.
n.nn palrailbHo-ocedux ryp6HH B
oTJrHqLre oT noBoporHo-florracTHbrx xa-
paKTepHo: HzJrl.rHr.re oAnofi HJrrr HecKoJrb-
KHX 3OH C JIOKAJIbHbIM NOBbIIIICHHCM NO.
Tepb vronlHocrrr " rr cHr{}KeHrre KllA.
O6rRcHsercfl 3To HaJrHqHeM peMHMoB c
nosHrueuuoir eu6pauuer"r H Kaer4rauHefi,
I+T
KOTOpbre cooTBeTcTBylor MaJIbrM lHarpy3KaM v pacnoJlolKeHbl Ao TOt{-
Kpr 3. B srr.rx 3oHax pa6ourre no KnA xapaKTepHcrrll{n paAuaJlbHo-
oceBblx ryp6zn uMelor neperH6. CHuxesue KtlA 3Aqcb MolKer Ao-
crurarb 2--3 olo n 6onee.
Hanuqne neperu6a H? lr(Nr) nplr Hr:const BeAer K noqBJIeHHlo
HecKoJrbKr.rx excrpeMyMoB Ha KpHBbrl Al/, (Nr) H AQ, (/Vr) ('rouxu 2',
2" u 2"' Ha pnc. 4.4), rAe BbrnoJrHflercfl ycJroBrre (4.40) . B orux xe
ToqKax Qr(ffr) HMeror KacareJrbHbre, [apaJrJreJrbHble npnuofi Ia:1,
rAe /Vloo: y'y','
Au$QepenunarrbHafl xapaKrepHcrHKa paArrarrbHo-oceBofi ryp611u
npu Hr:const TaKX{e r.rMeer cBoH oco6euHocru. HanprIMep, Q?u:ffi
HMeer oAr.rHaKoBbre 3HaqeHr.rf B Tor{r(ax 2', 2" n 2"i. 3aecr q.$y paB-
Ho l02lHr, qro caeAyer H3 Bbrpax(eHHr
Q*w: #:# (t * #) nPH H,:const' (4'51)
B roqre J (rr,Iarcurr,ryn,r KllI) gfi,, paseH l02l(H r\r) sa ocHoBe aHarIH3a BbI
paxeHr.rfl
Q?u : +: t% (n, -- //, +) rpu H, : const. (4.52)
dNr Hrrt| \ " dN, /
AuQQepeHunarrbHbre xapaKrep t4crr4ll qlq (a) 6yayr onpeAe,'Iflrbcs
xar o6parHbre Qyuxunn q fru (/V) .
Paccuorpuu 6onee noApo6Ho oco6eHHocrn noJtyqeHufl aHQSepeu-
anl
n
r{yJrro, a BToqKe 3 oHo
BO3pacTarouafl.
Puc. 4.3. Oco6tre Peil{H!lHble
TOqKtr ruto,le.'ruHoir noBopoTHO'
.ronacrnoit ryp6ltusl
MoHoroHHo Bo3-p-acraroItlr.rfi xapaKrep qfu (A/i) roBopur o roM,lITo 3aBHcHMocrb Q'r(A/i) -raK)Ke MoHoroHHo Bo3pacrarcrrlaff Qyrn-
IIHfl.
' Az$OepeHrr'arrbHaff xapaKrep ncr'Ka qft (e'r) H ee BHA norr-HOCTbTO OnpeAe.rrqrorcfl Bl.rAoM xpr.rnor? ANr(Q',r) v BbrpalKeHHeM
- qfq(ai) :#:e,8t(t- 
tr):e,8r(r-qff). $.4s)
. Ona_B_orHyra no Q'rr B roqKe 2 q{q :9,81; n roure 3-rpotr3Be-
AeHHro 9,81 11, (puc. 4.3).
AnQQepeHuHarrbHaR xapaKrepHcrHKa qf{ (Oi) paccqurbrBaer.
cfl aHaJIonHqHo
qfd(a;) :ff: e,8r It- (n,*o'#)]
135