H,AH
Hpe=const //// / l-!::-2-,-?1, Pacqer H nocrpoeHne
sHepreTHqecKHx xapar(TepHCTHK
f3c
nponycKHyro cnoco6uocru crBo-
AHcvc pa fOC. B oco6eHHocru 3ro
BaxiHo AJrfl Hr.r3KoHanopHbrx
y6unarcuyro 3aBucuMocrb c HyJreBbrM 3HaqeHrreM nprr Qi.u (o,r.
puc. 2.3).
,4z$SepeHrruaJrbHbre xapaKrep ucrltr4 AepHBauHH cyxrecrBeHHo 3a-BHCST OT ee BHAa H OnpeAeJrffroTcfl cooTHotrreHHeM
trns uanopHoli H caMoperyJrHpyroueficq AepHBauHrr anQeepeHrrn-
aJIbHbIe xapaKTepHcrHKH - MoHoroHHo Bo3pacrarourre 6yHxugH: .1.nff
HecaMoperyJlrIpyrcqefica AeptIBaur{}r ee ali46epeuquansnsrfi noKa3a-
rerrb nocronHeH H rponopqproHa"rreu AHi!! (puc. 2.9) .
AnQcbepeHuuaJlbHble xapaKreprrcrrrKr.r npH 3aAaHHoM qrrcJre BKJrro-qeHHbrx BoAoBoAoB-MOHOTOHHO Bo3pacTaloilrr.re cpyuxqlrrr no Qrec ,qTO CJICAYCT H3 BbIPAX{EHHfl
dLNBoA | /.-. 1 dAHBoa\ E"oo tt\
l0# : roz ( Arlnon * Qrec ffi ) : ffi : sson(Q'ec). (2,67)
Ilp" Q.ec :0 paBHbI Hyrrlo u q"on(Qrec ) (crrr. pr.rc. 2.8).
Ha"nu'llte nepeqLIcJIeHHbIX gHeprerrrqecKrrx xapaxieirrcrrrr( Bo.r.o-
npoBoAffuIHX coopyxeuran H 6tefoe f3c B syHrurant or o6uero na-
paMerpa Q rec , npaKTHqecKH nocroflHHofo Ha Bcex sTanax npeo6pa-
3OBaHHfl SHepfHH Ha CTaHIIHH, nO3BOJIqeT OIIeHrlTb CTeneHb B,lltfHIrtl
Kax{Aoro s,lteMeHTa Ha o6uturi eHepro6a"rraHc rraApoycraHoBKtr rr pac-
crlI'ITaTb SHepreTHr{ecKHe xapaKTepr4crr4r<H fr.iAp03HepfeTr{qecKrrx yc-
TaHoBoK .nrc6oro Br.rr,a.
l-nasa 3
H A N O P H5IE 14 3 H E P f ET I4LI E C K h E X A P A K T EP V1 CT V1RV1
ft4APOy3JtA
3.1 . OElJ]hE nofl o|+<EHV11
AHa,[Hg oco6eHHocrer? orAeJrbFrbrx gTanoB npoqecca npeo6pa3oBa-
Hr4fl, sHeprHH Ha f3C, npone4eHuufi B rJr. 1 u 2, not<asbrBaer, qro
yAeJrbHan sHeproeMKocrb noroxa, [oABeAeHHoro B AaHHufi MoMeHT
BpeMeHH K arpefaraM, Hiln Hanop, ofipeAeJrflercr npex(Ae Bcefo ypoB-
HeM BOAbr B BOAOXpaHr4,rruqe, xoropufi He 3aBHCHr oT pelKHMa f3c
B AaIIHbrfr uortleur, H pex(HMoM nonycKoB BoAbr B HHx(HHft 6teo, r. e.
Q".o (/). B cnorc oqepeAb, pacxoA oAHo3HaqHo onpeAeJrfler Bce pelKHM-
HbIe 14 rexHo/Iorur{ecKne norepn Ha f3C (n HHxrlervr 6re0e, CVC, Ae-
pHBauHH H BoAoBor,ax). Ans coMKHyrbrx KacKaAoB Ha ypoBeHb Hr4>K-
-^ - fAC, rAe norepu B HHIKHeM
rfrirli 6reQe Hrpalor oco6yro porrb.
t'n9 / E
l_urfl cpe4He- H BbrcOKOHanop-
uux f3C, rA€ BIrnflHHe Hr4)KHero
rvili 6leQa MeHbrre, npaKT?rqecKH
MOX{eT He cyulecTBoBaTb TeXHr4-ANn.a r{ecKoro npeAeJra nponycruorlNl33l. cnoco6HocrH crBopa. llponycx-
luu* Hafl cnoco6uocrl roxet orpa-
HHqHBarbcrr coo6palKeHr.rflMiI
alol,4n...ipnos\ SKOHOMHKI4 tt OXpaHbI Ol{pyx(arc-@H.0 eH 0,(! r.9 I "UICH CPCAbI.
An{0epHqHaJIbHbIe xapaKTepLrcrr{Kr,r eranoB vrrur orAeJrbHbrx sJre-MeHTOB TeXHOJrOrHqecKoro npouecca npeo6pa3oBaHHq gHepfHr,r Hafoc. 3ru xapaKTepucrHKH flBJrrrorcr neb6xo4rMbrMu Arrfl orrrnMr{3a-qHoHHbIx pacl{eroB, cBfl3aHHbrx c [or4cKoM eSSerrzBHbIX cnoco6oeHCrroJrb3oBaHHff.. rHApOsHepf HH B HapOAHOM XOSnrlcrne. OHll npeA_craBJltlor co6ott 3aBLIcHMocrLI nponssoAHort norepb MorrlHocrt{ B AaH-HoM eJreMeure or pacxoAa Ha fOC,
Enn 3aAaHHoro f/t?f H paccMorpeHHbrx Bbrrre aHarrtrLrqecKnx
nltpaxeHufi AJIfl sHeprerulrecKux xapaKTepucruK gJreMeHToB TexHo-
florHl{ecKoro npoUecca f3C Mo}KHo 3anucarb cJreAyrorrlrie Bbrpax{e-
HUfl:
dA,Ns.6 dLNxpT6
dQrec dQrec
'LHcp^a
: -ld: : QcPa6: coflStr (2.63)
6re$a B o6uena
MeHbrrre eAHHHubr.
T. e. auQ$epeHurra.nsuurl noKa3areJrb BepxHero 6re0a no pacxoAy
nocToflHeH npH LH 
"poa:const.AHOQepeHI{uantulttit not{a3areJrb CyC onpeAeJn.rrcfl BbrpagerrrreM
dAlVcvc : + (ou.ur* erac 
d^lcvc 
\ _. -8.u" - ,1.,
darec -tuL\ 
" dA.* ):6:7cvc(Qrec)'(2'64)
An$QepeHrruaJrbHar xapaKrepr.rcruxa cvc no ceoerl $opvre 6nus-Ka K crenesH,Sfi saewczMocTn. llp, Q'rec :0 guaqeHue qrr" TaKlKepaBHo Hyrrro (puc. 2.3)
W: # (o'''* Qrec ffi) : # : Qw.6(Qrec). (2.6b)
AuSQepeHrruaJrbHafi xapaKrepHcrHKa HHlKHero
BLrAe 6nnsr<a K creneHHdfi c [oKa3areJIeM creneHu
104 105