C yveror'r (2.21) n (2.22) pacKpoeM (2.25):
ouz!o.a:_ I f t.- .on^zt".oqtyldk . J [^4s(4+t10"to
dol
T:-ru\Arflo* (2.26)
(2.27)
(2.28)
dO ^^ dA,z!,.6_: _oA .
ATdT,
&*or,'
(N 33lP)
AHanHs pe3yJlbraroB pacqeron u $axrrqecKnx pelKHMoB fOC c yqeroM Heycra-r{oBnBulefocg ABHxeHHff BoAbI yxa3btBaer Ha ro, r{To [poqecc H3MeHenun tzr.6(tyBcerAa sana3AblBaer Bo BpeMeHH no cpaBHeHHro c H3MeHeHHqMH e".o(l), [pHqeM
3ana3,{blBaHHe reM 6o;llue, qeu 6onlrue T u MeHbrre E. BcneAcrBHe groro MaKcH-
MaJrbHbte pacxoAbr BoAbr B HHxHeM 6teQe norrru BcerAa npoxoAflT np?r noHHxeH-
r{blx no cpaBHeHHIO c ycraHoBHBlrrHMCE pe}KHMOM orMerKax HH}KHero 6reQa, T. e.npll MeHbuIHx noTeprx Hanopa H MorrlHocrrr B Hr{)KHeM 6reQe. OAuaxo B Apyrner'IHTepBaJIbI BpeMeHIr norepn Moryr 6nrl H 6onrue, qeM npu ycraHoBgBrrreMcf, pe-
)KHMe (cr',r. puc. 2.7).
Aga'nornqHoe flBJIeHI'Ie xapaKTepHo n AJrs HeycraHoB,B.rrerocfl ABHIK.HH' BoAbI
a nepnoAbr norroBoAbfl (cu. puc. 2.9).
2,3, 3 H E P r E T V1'ilECKV1E X A P A K T EP NCT NKVI 4 E P h B A 4V1V1h Bo.qo n po Bo4 ilJJV1X COO pylK EHv'tn
Kar 6uno cKa3a'o Bbr[re, xapaKTepHcrHKH 6reson H noTep' Morrl-HocTH B HI'IX Hau6onee xapaKrepHbl nnn pycJroBbrx HzsKoHanopHbrxroc H Hx KacKaAoB, rAe or' noTep' cocraBrqror ocHoB'yro qacrb no-TCPb SHCP|HE, NOABCACHHOfi r CTAHUHH. Afiq AEPHBAIIHOHHbIX H NPH.nJIOTHHHbIX CXeM yBerHtlHBaercfl 3Har{eHHe rrorepb B AepHBar\Hr4 V Ha-nopHbrx BoAoBoAaX.
Aepr.reaqHs Mo)r(er 6um 6eeHanopHoft 14 HanopHofi. EesHanopHafl
BblnoJlHflercfl B BHAe KaHaJIOB AByx OcHoBHbrx BHAOB - HecaMopefyJrr{-
pyeruHxcs, Lr caMoperyrrHpyroutuxcn (pHc. 2.lB u 2.14).
Hecarr,roper'yJrHpyrorrlHecff KaHaJrbr_ coopylKarcTcfi npH 6o"riluprxyKJroHax AHa H A"nuHHOri AepHBauuu. oHu iaparrepr{3yrorcs rrpoAoJrb-HbrM yKJroHoM.6poe.rH Kaqarra (puc, 2.18, a)'. ornierila ypoBHff BoAbrB HarropuoM 6acceriue (Yzr:zuan.o) paccq[TbrBaercff H3 yc.nonnrl
nponycKa pacxoAa Q*"": Q,fft npr4 Yz1:VHny 11pri ycraHoBr.rB-
IrreMcfl pex(HMe pa6oru. llpa cHr{x{eHHH Hafpy3KH f3c,- r. e. npH
Qz( Qil:ff', ueo6xoAul,ro yMeHbur{rb pacxoA roJroBHoro ysJra Ao e,AJIfl noAAeplKaHr4fl. B AorrycrHMbrx rpeAeJrax lpoB:f'n ?,2. B nporraBHoM
94
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) * dt- TJ lnzl o(r) + (t - k) (ufro 0)l dt. (2.2s)
to Io
nlqJ
Pnc. 2.13. fiorepn Hanopa H Mou-(HocrH B HecaMoperynnpynueficn D,epHBauuH
d)
@xaH=o
^,,ctM
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=Znan.6
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112
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aruBBil
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n MQKCti, v^ -KtrH &xn't,
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a) d)
Puc. 2,14. llotepn Hanopa H MourHocrH B caMoperyJlnpytourefltcq AepHBaTIHH
cflyqae npon3ofiAer noBbrrrreune ypoBHfl BoAn B HanopHoM 6accefiHe
cBepx AorrycrnMoro H KaK cJreAcrBne groro xoJrocrbre c6poctr BoAbr Ha
13c.
I4s crasaHHoro cJleAyer, qro noTepn Hanopa B HecaMoperyJrHpyro-
ueftcq AepHBaur4u AHf;!|, onpeAeJrneMbre pa3Hocrbro yponuefi Yzr
u Yz2,6onluylo qacrb BpeMeHH rrocroflHnbr H He 3aBucqr or Harpy3-
rn fOC. r. e.
AHX:; : hour: YZt-Yzz*z const. (2.30)
florepu Mournocrr'r B ral(ofi 4eprrBaurrrr A/Vff; nrrrreliuo 3aBrrcflr or
pacxoAa (p,ac. 2.13, 6)
A/vi8| : 9,8 I AFIXE;Q*,,, (2.31),
rAe QHan, KaK rpaBr.rJro, paBHffercfl pacxoAy fOC B ue.rroM.
Lnn roro qro6u Hs6exarr xoJrocTbrx c6pocon BoAbr Ha fAC H
o6ecneqnm 6onee ru6xoe peryJrupoBaHr.re Hafpy3KH, crpeMsrcs ne-
pefiru K raK HaeusaeMorl caMoperyJrupyioruefici AepHBaquH, Antfl, Ko-
npu 8r< a,lt,f'
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