s rH.d
") Q,x.d= 4rge
Puc. 2.1. 3neprernqecKne xapaKrepncruKn 6reSon fOC
A -',,cp[o fi-
U.u ,{ = L4.ri^
1I'
r.d Lari.d
LH'.a(Q.o) : Azu.o (Q".0) : 2,.6(Q".0) - zn.6oi
Atr".u (Q".0) : g,8l Q^.a Lzr.a(Qr.o).
P#r",lHi#TJi? tiTcpa6' a/v cvc , AN'o H Bbrqecr b r4x H3 l/rf, pac-
Tax KaK apuQrr,rernr{ecKafl cyMMa BbrnyKJrbrx eyHxuafi roxe Bbl_nyKrlat Sy"*,l]li ro_l yrreroM *(?.,19].._xap"Krepr{crnr(, A/FSiq";}npu hcpaa: const - noiHyrax QyHrqua, o6rual;rr{;;" eKcrpeMyMoM-MaKcHMyMoM H AByMfl HyJreBbrMr4 3HaqeHHfrMkr npl en.o: O n nyy ::AHcpao+aF/ cvc * LHn.6 unra ^Hi$ - 0. flpm oroM /f$.rnarcyMeHbuaercfl npH yBeflHqeH[H hcpaa H Aocr'raerc, npH TeM MeHb-IIIux pacxoAax Qr.o, .reM 6ofltrue ffi6flpeAenrnaq noABeAeHHafl Moucff pex{HMa pa6oru 6te6oe ecrbHofi uoulnocru fAC B AaHHoM crIIHr4, BOAOBOAaX H arperarax craHl
Anfl fOC c ue6onlrr^HMn Haropar
cToKa.
flpu sriaqHTerrbHbrx pacxoAax B Hr,rxHeM 6reee HJ'H rny6oxorr cpa-6orxe BoAoxpauh.nprura raK*e Bo3Mox{Ho noryqe*re i/is : 0 }r3-3a paBeHcrBa HyJrro ,?fl36. cooreercreyrorr{ufi .ry p.*HM _ npe-Aenlnnfi no MaKcHMaJrbHoMy 3HaqeHr.rrc rrpgnycKaeMoro pacxoAa,Qn.o AJrfl 3aAaHHOro gHar{e nun h"n^6 B cTBop€ (puc. 2.1, a) .Ha puc' 2'1,6 nponsBeAeHo nepecrpoeHr.re xapaxrepHcrr.ix l/flS (e".o)npu h"ru6:const B r(oopAr.rHarbr 2n.6, err.o nplr lVi$t:""nri, rrro no3Bo.JrreT r{eTKo BbrflBHTb npeAeJrbHbre I
Ka E) v hcpaat, Hanpr{Mep y'y'a:
fionycrHuan o6nacm H3MeHeHr
cJIeBa npruofi Qrr.o:0, a cflpaBa r
crByloqefi Qff:f" (h"pnd H BbrxoAnqefi lls Harrarra r(oopAHHar c'cre-Mbr (2".a, Q".o).
[pea,."uBJIeHHbIe Ha p'c. 2.1, 6 gaB,cr{Mocrn nogBoJrffIor BbrflBr.rrbw HecKoJIbKo AonoJIHHreJIbHbIx oco6eHnocrefr pu.."utfiiru.noo,* xa-paKrepHcrHK. 3aeucrarvrocru 2".6(e".0) npH rui$ : const _ HecHM-MerpI4qHble napa6o.nlt, HMeIoxIHe Kpyryrc .racrr B 3oHe MaJrbrx 3Hatre-tturi Qo.o H nofioryrc qacrb B soHe 6onuunx , Hsonnwpru liflBt : corntcraHoB.nrgl npaKTHqecKH BepTHKaJrbHbrMH npflMbrM H Ann 6o.ntrugx gHa-
lguufi /tff' r.'e. A/rr cpeAHe- 14 BbrcoKoHanopHux f3c, fA€ Aocr'-x(eHl{e npeAeJIbHbIx tvtouuocrer? crBopa TexHHqecKH HeBo3Mo}KHo.
il,nn Hr{3*oHanopHbrx rgc Bo3MoxHo nofiyqeH'e raKx(e H npe_Aentuofi MouIHocTH Ailn, rax4or? zs,6 Lrtrrr4 hin^u:coflst, 
"unpr"a 
p iNa,
Ann hs Ha pl{c. -2.1, 6, Kpunue /vFS ..- collst craHoBflrcq 6onee ro-JroraMr.r B goue 6o.nlruux pacxoAoB H MorbrX 2s.6.
B HHx(HeM 6reQe Bo3Mo)r(Hbr H Ao[oJr'HTe/rbHbre norep' Hanopa.H MoIIIHocr[ 3a crler JIeAoBbIx ycfopy: 3apacraHfi, pacrHTerrbHocrbro,noArropa or Hr.)KepacnonoxeuHoft f3c (pr.^. 2.2) .'IIp; ,ro* Qynr-rIr{H AO[OJrHHreJrbHbrx [oTepb MorqHocrH or Qn.o "r_au'nll"*or* ycJro-
'N,AN
ANcsc,
AHcvc
ANH.tr
Azr.6
hcpa6z= const
@nd= orac
nM0{crH.I ?nr I
lne
ANr
nq
/'14
il3
n2,
h1
(2.7)
(2.8)
Bo MHoFr,x cfiyr{aqx . ^yopQoMerp'r{ecKyro xapaKrep'cr'KyLzrr.a(Q".0) AJrff pyc,rrobnx fgc ro*"o np.o.tu"rr, 3aBacaMocrbro
BVAA
Az".u: L2".6(Q".0) : 4.aQfl^.a, (2.s)
//FS (4,,.6) - /ri:f (Q".0) - Atr".o (Q".0) - Aff".0 (Q,,.0) : i/i:$ (Q".0) _
-Aff"p.o (Q",0) - A//cvc (Q.u) - Aff".0 (Q.o). Q.t})
In^ pacqgra Aifs ro (2.10) rrp' 3aAaHHoM 3'aqeH'r.r e'.0:: V r3c HeOOXOAHMO IIO XapaKTepI4cTI4KaM nOTepb MOIIIHOSTH B 6le-
82
4r d = 4rEc
83,