Paccuorpl*,r nocneAoeare,rrbHo Bce cocraBJrflrorrrHe Bbrpaxe'un (l.lB).
Qnolr; - ecre,crneHubrrl, u.rru 6brroBofi, pajcxoA Bo Abr, nepecq'_raHuutfi K crBopy eAuuuqHofi f3C.HrrH BepxHeft f3C na.rd,au,-dnp1ofi.n". enp(l)H ero nepecqer I( crBopy f3C npou3BoAffrcq opfaHaMu focyaapcr"dn"o.o KoMHTerar'Apo'rermpo,ror'rr H KoHrpoJrfl nprrpoAHofi cpe4u Ha ocHoBe MeroAoB H nprdeMo*HHlKeHepHofi - rHApo"IoraH. oaHa trc ocHoBHbrx ' c,noxHocrefi B onpeAeJreHnr..r e"p (l)cocror-rr B nepecqere ero no cocroflHHro B ecrecrBeHHOM pyc,le K crBopy 
'i5c,
T. e. c yr{eroM AT.JHaMHKH rllApaBr,ruqecfiHx npoueccoB u ooAo*puHHJrHtrle. ToqHocrn,onpeAeneHHH Q"p (l) Bo tp.r."" Bo MHoroM onpeleJrfer aQQex,ruBHocrb pa6o6rfOC. 3ro craHoBHrcfl 6onee orreBHAHbrM, ec,rH yqecrb, ,{ro BoAoxpaHHar.rqa fOCToJIbKo nepepacnpeAe"Itlor Bo Bper{eHII ecrecrBeHuuli crOK :p€K. florpeuruocrr.r npo-rHo3HpoBaHHfl H pacqera Qtp (l) cyulecrBeHuo 3aBHCtr or pacqerHoro HHTepBaJra riMareMarHqecKHX voAe.ncii ero 1l;. Kar< y)Ke orMeqa"ryocb, 3Aecb npuHflro, qro,
Q"o(l) 3aAaH oAHo3HaqHo AJrfl paccMarpHBaeMofo nepHoAa I.
Q"(l) -pacxoA BoAoxpaHHnilrl\a, T. e. ro, rrro
aKKyMyrr.rpyercn B BoAoxpaHu.nuule 6es yqera Q"u6ti s AaHHunj
Q,(t):ry
npH H3BecrHou rpaQHKe ucp"o(l) H MareMaruqecxofi MoAeJrn BoAoxpaHgJrgrrla, cBr_sHearoqefi MexiAy co60fi, z".a u a'. ?ra Mo,u,ed,rb luoir{er 6urr paipa60raHa nnflycraHOBHBuIeroct H HeycraHOBHBluefocfl pe)r{HMOA pa6ortt 
"oao*p, 
Ht;IrVlUt\a AJrfrpa3HbIx pacqerHblx !lHTepBaJoB BpeMeHI{. TaK, B pacqerax .4JrHTe"[bHb]x pe)KgMoBf3C' KaK npaBH"Io' coorBercrBylolrlHx ycraHoBHBueMyct pexr.rMy pa6o6r B HHTep-BaJlax BpeMeHH AeKan'a, Mecslu u 6o.nee, Mo)KHo BocnoJlb3oBaTbcfl ronorpaQH,{ecroftxapaKrepHcrHnoft BepxHefo 6reea, cessblsanu{efi ?n.6, .F., H us. B aroM cJryqaecpelHUft pacxoA BOAOXpaHHJTHqa 3a Lti npH HaqaJrbHoM uni| kr KoHerrHoM usirso6teuax cocraBnT
V'Iet Qor(l) seodxoAHna, pa3yMeercfi, JlHuIb npu oHaqHTeJrbHoM ero yAenbHoM Bece
s 6araHce pacxoAon fOC.
Q".n(l) -ucnapeHHe Bo,4,br c noBepxHocrH BO,40xpaHH^n-
ffI a' onpeAeJlfferctl Ha ocHoBe nporHosHpoBaHHs, c./rofl HcnapeHHfl hn"o(t) c no.
BepxHocrH BoAoxpaHHJIH[Ia' flpu srou Hcfio/tb3yttlrcfi gMnHpH'{ecKHe 3aBHcnMocrn
h^"n OT .(JIHTeJIbHOCTH HHTepBaJIa, TeMnepaTypbr Bo3Ayxa H BOAbI, ynpyrOCTH B6IR.
Hono napa, cxopocru Berpa H T. I. V,{HrHsaercq raKr(e cp€AHqs nly6nHa BoAoxpa.
HHJII'IuIa' Ha,rnlqHe 3eJIeHblx HacaxAeHI'1fi ua ero 6eperax, npcubtlu.;'leHHbix H ;iiii.r-ibiX
sp,anufi, 3aurnqarcqHx BoAoxpaHH.nHIqe or Berpa, HanpaBfleHne Berpa H npoqqe
$axropu. B 3aBHcHMocrH or MecropacnoJroxeHnff fOC B uHpornoM HanpaBne11n
Q".n Moxer AocrHrarb JIeroM 4-5 ol0 Qnp AJIq cpe4Her? noJrocbr CCCP H Ia)Ke20-25 0lo Qnp AJrq lox(Hblx pariouon crpaHbr. Cpe4neurecsqHaff norperrrgocrb B on-peAeJIeHLIu Qr,cn AocrHraer 10-20 olo.
Q"(l)-norepH BoAn Ha nbAoo6pa3oBaHHe, orpeAenqrcrcq
o6teuou JlbAa, oceBurefo Ha 6epenax BoAoxpaHrrJrltula nplt cpa6orxe ero. BecHoir
aror JleA Taer H er-o o6teu.qo6asnnercx x e,rp(/). Orcoaa H [By3Haqr{ocrb Qr(f)
[cr'r. (1.13)]. ,4as fOC, pa6orarounx no BoAoroKy npn o6pasonaHHH nbla, noKa3a-
TenH pexHMa rl{Apog,TeKTpocraHuHft He yxyAuatorct, TaK KaK nJraBaroqurl ,'ren Bbr-
TecHrer c.rroir eortr, panHufi ero Becy.
TonuHHa JIbAa Ha cn6Hpcxl'tx peKax rvro:Ker Aocrrnarb 1,5-2 wr. florpeurHocrg
pacqeTa Qr 3HsqHTeJIbHbI H3-3a HeToqHocTH pacqeTa Qaxropoe, onpeAe"{q19u{Hx 3ToT
pacxoA, B ToM qHcJre roJltquHbr Jrbn\a no nJroqaAu BoAoxp aH4nlluJa u cauofi n;o-
III AAH.
Q"o(l)-norepr{ pacxoAa Ha QunrrparlHn Bo.h,sr B r.roxe
BOAoxpaHHnvu\a n O6parHufi qacTr{qHbrfi sO3Bpar ee npH
cp a 6orKe BoAoxp aHH,'t H IrIa, norepu Bo MHoroM onpeAe"qqrcrcn r,ry6uHofi
aOAoxpaHHJIHlqa, ypoBHeM rpyHrOBbIX BoA' BOAonpoHHUaeMocrbtO noAcTH.tarctunx
nopoA. .[nn 6o,rturnHcrBa BoroxpaHHJrHu{ 3r{aqeHrre e"o(l) HaxoAHrcfl B npeAe"Tax
TorrHocrn caMHX pacqeroB BoAHoro 6ananca.
PacxoA BoArr Ann yAoeJrerBopeHHfl norpe6Hocrefi
yq a crH H KO B B OAOX O3 f ryrcr Be H H O r1 crr cr e M br (s a 6 0 p-B o3-
n p a r) Qe x c (/). B coBpeMeHHbrx ycaoBrlrx BoAoxpaHH.ryHua flB..rffrorcfi 6asofi
.q,Jlff pa3BHTHf .q,aHHofo pefHoHa crpaHbr, t{To o6tqcHsercq 3Haqt-rreJ,rbHbtvtH H Bce
pacryu{HMl't trlacrura6aMH norpe6reHHq H Hcrro,'rb3oBaHufl BoAbr B HaponHon xoeqfict-
Be. Pacter H nonn 6esnoseparrtrtx norepb BoAbr. O6'r-,eHrrr BoAbr, sa6upaevoft na
aepxHero 6reQa fOC, qacro BecbMa 3Haqr-Irer'rbHbr H Mofyr B.rnflrb Ha eur6op pelKu-
Ma IICnOJ'Ib3OBaHIIfl BOAOXpaHl{,lilUIa ilIApOy3,1a.
..83{qI. pacxoAoB B HH)KHervr 6re0e fAC. pacxoA e"o(/) oAHHoq-
Hoft fOC Mox{er 6ntrl onpeAeJreH Ha ocHoBe c/reAyron(ero 6a.[aHco-
tsofo cooTHotxeHr.rff:
QH.o (l) : Qrec (l) * Q*.cop (t) * Qrr, (l) * QO (l)J-Qo.np (/)*Q'pou (l). (l ,l7)
PaccuorpnM cocraBrrfltot{He Bbrpa}KeHH n (Ll7).
Qrec(l)-pacxoA BoAbr qepe3 ryp6nHu foc, o6uqHo onpe-
AeJlsercff no 3HepferHqecKHM xapaKTeptrcrHr(aM at'peraroB A,lff 3aAaHHUlX gHaqeuuft
MolllHocrH /Va H Hanopa H a arpef ara. rlpn groM A/n-- Be"irurqrrHa, rr3Mepsel{af, no
npH6opau' TorAa wax Ho HHOTAa onpeAer'rqercfr, Ha ocHoBe 6anawca Hanopoe f3c
a ue/'IoM. lloorovry y,qo6nee HcnoJ'rb3oBarb B pacqerax H3Mepfler\{oe 3HaqeHHe Hanopa
sa6upaercR HItw,
MOMeHT BpeMeHH,.
(l . l4)
(1.r5)
flpuHHuaercs, qro
(r. l6)
florpeurHocrH pacqera Q" (l) Bo MHofoM onpeAer'rflrorcr aAeKBarHocrblo MoAeJrrlBoAoxpaHHJlHIIla saAauHoft AHcliperHocru 3aAaLrH (A.'rureasuoe HJ,H KparKocpoqHoe
nrraHupoBaHue pexiHMon fOC).
Qo"(l) -ecrecrBeHHbre ocaAr{H B BoAoxp aHHautlle. O6uquo
3a cqeT yMeHbuleHfir B€pTHr{3;.rbttorl KoHeeKUI.tH BO3AyXa HaA BOAOXpaHHJIHUIeM KO_flH'{ecrBo oca.u,lioB, BbtnaAarou{r4x Ha BoAoxpaHHrruure, ua b-10 yo MeHbue, qeM HaraKylo xe noBepxHocrb cyuu' Ocarxn pacnpeAe/rtrorcfl no noBepxHocrn BoAoxpa-HH!'lHqa xpariue HepaBHoMepHo, uro rpe6yer HaJrHqHfl MHorHx ror{eK Ha6nrcleHuft
Ann pacqera HaAex(Hbrx sHaqeHr.rrl Qo" (l). florperuHocrl onpeAeJreHHfl Q"" (l) 3?:Br4cHT or raKr.rx Qaxropon, KaK pa3Mepbr BoAoxpaHHJrHu{a, pa3MerrleHHe rHApoMe_TeoflocroB, pacqerHblli uurepna"t BpeMerrH H T. A. B cpeAHeu npn nJrou_(aAr{ BoAo-xpaHHJrHu-la ao 5000 xM2 l.r Lt, paBHoM cyrriaN{, Aer(aAe, Mecrqy, oHa H3MeHflercg
B coorHorreHHH (3+5) :2: l, Locrnrafl A,tq MecsqHor-o HHTepBa1ta 2_10 0[ H 6oaee.
56
i) 0 (claOorKa BoAoxpaHrannula) npH os;6 ) uni*;
Qri J: 0 (pa6ora no BoAoroKy) npn oeio : uuiri
[( 0 (nanor'IHeHue BoAoxpaHnr'rHnra) npn osls(oe1H.
59