iivifi tvil.itr,rx [13C He oi?ax(er r4 a coBpet leHHbix Hop],{ttTI4BHblx It }leTo/q!4-
qecKHx pa3pa6or(ax, a Dils co3AalrHtl TaKlfx pa3pa6oToK t{eo6xoA,}rM
a'Ij.a rrvl3 npeArx€ cTBylotqero onblTa.
Dnn co3AaHHq MaJrbrx fgc HoBoro noKoneHHt Heo6xo.qzM HoBbIIZ
no.u.xoA, He oTqrouleHHbrrz npaKTHKoft flpoeKTupoBaHnfl npoulnblx IIeT.
Lns AocrH)KeHlz.g. rJeJua ueo6xo.u,HMo npoAonxarb Hccne.qoBaHHfl H no
|lepe HaKonneHHs HoBoro onL,ITa BHocHTb onpeAeneHHble nonpaBKH.
OcnoaHtre HcxogFrbre noro)r<eHwfl npr npoeKTHpoBaHnvr MaJIbIX f3C
cne.qyl.oull4e.
l. Malue f3C lfonxHbr 6rrra nonHocrbro aBToMnrn3prpoBa:e^bI vr pa-
6oraru 6es nosroflHHofo 3KcnnyaraunoHHoro nepcoHana. 3to cnoco6-
crByer noEbrLUeHHro Hx 3KoHoMHr{ecKolZ aQSeKTHRHocTH KaK 3a cqer
crjlHn<eHr4fl 3KCTUIyaTaUHOHHbIX H3.nep)KeK, TaJ( H 3a cqeT yN4eHbrueHufl'
KanuTaroBno)r(eHkfi e pe3ynbrare oTK€Ba or 6umoeutx rr qrry)Ke6nrtx
nove.uteHufr.
2. flpoercrupoBaHue KoHKperHblx o6rerci'oe .qon)KHo BecrHcb, KaK
npaB Hn o, Ha ocHoae yHuS HLtt4poBaHHbIx npoeKTHblx pelue uwit.
YHnSrrcau*rv Moryr nognexaru ln6o Bce coopy)KeHrJq 3Heprernqec-
Koro rpaKTa, no.q,nopHbre H nogoc6pocHble coopy)KeHnfl, rntr.poy3rla, ll.16o
rr H rr rb o rAeIIb HbIe coopyn<eH'r-Lfl vrJLkl cp4cTel|r{.bl.
YuuQvn+tpoBaHHble perxeHus no coopyx(eHr.rsM aHeprerHqecKoro
TpaKTa, BKrloqaq gDar*rn Manblx f3C, ryp6uHHble Bo.qoBo.u,bl H BoAonpH-
eMHHKH, uenecoo6pasHo pacnpocrpaHflTb Ha Manbre f3C c egrHn rrtofi
MolrlFrocrbro rH.qpoarperara lro 3-5 Tbrc.KBr, npu 6onsuteir Mou-FtocrH
neo6xoguMo HcKarb 3KoHoMr4rrHbr€ r4tl4qtr.ugyaJlbHble peLUeHH s. O pqa-
Ko v B 3ToM cnyqae ueo6xoAl,tvo Hcnotlb3oBaTb yHHQIaIHpoBaHHoe
rr,ltrpocHnoBoe c 6opyaoBaHue H cHcreMbl aBToMutrnlc'{.
3. flpu Hcnorrb3oBaHnvr yHrzOurcaunr npoeKTHpoBaFIHe ManF,Ix f3C
AonrttHo BbrnorFrflTbcrr B oEFry cra^Hro. flocre o6ocHosaHnq ueJrecooG
pa-3Hoera cqoouTenbcrBa Marrbrx fOC rexHHKo-gKoHoMHr{ecKHM pacqe-
ToM BbrnorHrrerca pa6ot*tfi npoercr, B KoropoM ocyurecrBtlttercq npuBq3-
rca yHlrcirnl-InpoBaHHoro rrpoeKTa K KOHKpe'r'HblM ycrlrolu;z,flNi, A paapa6a-
mr rDoor^o nq6nrroct rtrtt.-\rt rorJ.Tqrlltclll)lDov LvtL yavvwt a-1v^\J trLv\LL4t1tr.^. /
B rex cnyqasx, Kor,ua MaJrbre rcC BXoE rr B cocraB npoeKTHpyeMoro
fHtrpoy3na KoMtrJreKcHoto Ha3Har{eHr4fl, Hx npoeKTHpoBaHHe Be.ueTcg
oAHoBpeMeHHo Ha rex xe craEHgx, t{To H fH.upoy3na B uenoM.
3.2. CXEMbI MATIbD( I3C
llo cnoco6y co3,uaHnfl Haropa MaJIbre I-3C roJrpa3Aerqr,orct Ha
rrrIoTvtHHbIe t EepvBauHoHHbIe, cMeLraHHL'Ie (nlormruo-
noy.'rrcqrTrr.\LnJr-Tp) r,r rrqnr-re T-3C nng rn.ry'rp.nt.,{ LrrnnnHrt\,{ rhnnr+re- (r-ln
.L\vytpsl-\,rvrg ------r^--..^.fr-----
nepena,q,ax KaHanoB, B cHcTeMtLx BoAocHa6)KeHVs v !p.).
flrrorr+rrme sxeMbl. 3ro Han6onee pacnpocrpaHeHHble cxeMbr 3Hepre-
THqecKoro llcnorlb3oB,ari^Idfl MaJIbrx peK, oHH MofyT npHMeHqTbct Bo BCex
pafroHax crpaHbl, ga HcI(nrcr{eHHeM ropHblx, a B oTEerbHblx cn) rafll( H TaM.
48
PNc. 3.I. firorlangare cxeMbr Ma.nbrx f3C:
o -6ea Bbrxo.qa orl"feroK Hny Ha nofivy;6 - c 3aronJreHHev nofrwrr; J - 3Aal{ric
f3C; 2 - noaoc6pocHas nrorHHa; 3 - rnyxaanrrorHHa
Illoragrtafl cxeMa 3HepferuqecKoro Hcnorrb3o r,alH:,z,tl Mox<er ocyrr tefl '-
Btlgrbcg B 3aBncvMocru or rHna pevHofi AonHnbr paBHHHHoTZ percrr v tvL-
nopa B IFyx BapuaHTax 6es BbrxoAa nogrtopHoro ypoBr{e riir
nolZly.y v c BbtxoAoNr Ha Hee.
Wrr. peK c uruporcofr nofivofi u uy6orco Bpq3aHHbrM pycroM ue;recooet-
pa3Ho Ha3Haqarb orMerKy noArlopa raK, .{To6ur HopMaJrbr-rsrrZ noAnop-
Hotfi ypoBeHb Bo.qbr npu Bo3BelleHlz;z. rutoTHr-rbr He BL,rxo DJ4n H3 ocnoRnor-o
pycJlaper(H(perc.3.l, o). Dlts rarcofr cxeML,r xapai(TepHL,r pycnoBafl KoN,r-
fIoHoBKa snari^tfr f3C c ne6onrutvur4 HanopaN,lr (or l,5 ,uo 4,5, pexe go
6-10 v) u se6olru:afl Mou{Hocrb craHtr4v (or Hecrcor^rbKHx coren KrJJro-
BaTT Ao l-2 rurc.rcBr).
W-sa ue6olru:oro Hanopa oTAenbrrbrx I-3C xapaKlepHor."t oco(xlr l-
HOCTbIO 3HepreTHrreCKOfO HCnOnb3OBaHHfl Marlbrx peK gBllsrorcr{ N,{r lor'()-
cryneHr{arble KacKa.qbt (6-8 u 6onee I.3C B KacKaAe) npr.r ueSorsurorr
^ d- -^ -^-
yavv LwrrrlYrvrYt rvrelr\l-{J L r rf vP4r\4}ar, 9l\J uuyLJ tvtjJ Lytbd.c r tJ()3ML),iKf toc'I'I,
HcnoJrb3oBaHne eyMMapHoro Halopa KacK-a.rtoB .qo 20-50 r.a.
Ha paeHHHHL,Ix peKax c orHocuTenbHo HeuHpoKorZ rny6oKo Bpe3al r-
sofi nofrvoit u cna6opa:BHTbIM pycnoM qenecoo6pa3Ho co3.q,arlue lra,ror:r
3C (nnm KacKarI,a MarbIx l3C) c BoAoxpaHvurr4uJeM HeAerrbHoro lj-,uI
ce3oHHoro peryJupoBaHne,, c BbrxoAoM Ha nofil.ry' (saronnenrrerr)
(perc. 3.1,6).
Tarcoe peueHHe no3Botlqer nonHee Hcnorb3oBarL, ecrecTBenr{bnJ
cToK peKH ,qa)Ke npH 3HaarHTerbHOM rco,re6asuv pacxo,troB B TeqenlJc
loAa. He.uocrarKaMu grolz cxeMbr lzratoit tPC qBrrqrorcq 3aronrenr rd
nofrMeHHblx 3eMetlb, npe.qcraBlsrc[u{x qacro 6onuruyro xogqirgrr]cur ry Kl
IIeHHoeTh t ?Hatr[,lrp-nI-FIoe nr]Rt-IrrteLIL{p rr6rer,rnp r'ry\.'\rr.r,prrlLrlrv na6n- rr-- _-_t l rvrrur rpr^ l/svv lJ I
cToHMocTH coopyx(esult. H3-3a yBenHr{eHHfl BbrcoTb,r H npoT'lxerrFtoct't I
(no nolZve) mornnu.
OcHoarrylo perynapyrorqyio eMKocrr, KacKaAa Marbrx
pa3Ho pacflonatraTb B BepxHeM TeLTeHHH peKH, f,qe yulep6
4 -6882
tI]C ucrrecoo6-
OT 3ATONIIEI]I1'I
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